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№ 4(70) 31 december 2018 year
Rubric: National competitiveness
Authors: Mazurova E., Sycheva K.

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Nowadays a competent foreign trade policy has a great influence on achieving Russian economic sovereignty, national competitiveness and resilience to external challenges and risks. This paper considers Russian export strategy by analyzing state financial and non-financial support system of domestic exporters and the foresight of Russian export policy. It discusses the problem of export potential development. Namely, the article reveals new large stable areas of export specialization and draws special attention to non-primary non-energy exports. It analyzes the role of non-primary non-energy export sector in the overall structure of Russian exports of goods and services, identifies the most important industry export clusters to ensure the diversification of the export sector in the long term and proposes a step-by-step implementation method of new export directions. This paper also formulates a forecast of Russian export development based on promising companies activity. The authors conclude that an effective export strategy unites export state support system and competitive export sector, based on the modernization of fuel and raw materials specialization and the simultaneous development of non-energy non-energy exports.
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№ 4(70) 31 december 2018 year
Rubric: National competitiveness
Authors: Shpilev D., Nikitskaya E.

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Competitive positions issues of the Yaroslavl region when forming mechanisms of sustainable development are considered. Innovative activities analysis of the region is carried out. Core drivers for innovative transformation process of social and economic development of the studied object are put forward. The economy of the Yaroslavl region has a competitive resource base (scientific and educational potential, high-tech manufacturing industries, entrepreneurial potential, etc.), which defines the region as a territory capable of adapting to sustainable development. The favorable position of the Yaroslavl region among other regions of the Central Federal district in terms of innovative development is characterized by the fact that the regional authorities determine the innovative development of the region as a priority and aimed at long-term prospects within the emerging process of sustainable development. The authorities of the Yaroslavl region in order to enhance activities in the field of sustainable development are focused more on the solution of one of the key tasks: the implementation of individual economic entities of innovative directions and forms of business development. The creation of network forms of business organization, which are regional innovation-oriented clusters, is necessary for the Yaroslavl region in terms of its ability to provide the regions economy with long-term competitiveness and sustainable development. Innovative active enterprises and infrastructure are concentrated in the developed cities of the region, attracting investments, at the same time, the municipal districts of the Yaroslavl region are experiencing a decline in all directions. The way of innovative development of the region is characterized by the wide introduction of borrowed technologies. In general, the region is forming a favorable environment for the modernization of industrial production on a new basis, attracting investment, the formation of mechanisms of state support for small innovative enterprises. In order to avoid the risk of stagnation of this process, it is recommended, in addition to production, the development of marketing and organizational innovations.
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№ 4(70) 31 december 2018 year
Rubric: Industry market
The author: Jakunin S. V.

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This article analyzes the structure of the banking sector formation. Russia. The analysis of how and how a specific oligopoly structure influenced the formation of the modern structure of the banking sector. The reasons for which the economy in the period of crisis requires the identification of the share of markets that are in a state of silent collusion are shown. The features of the formation of banking systems in China and Russia, the transition to the sectoral principle of customer service by state banks. It is revealed that providing stability of the banking system of the country, the state thereby provides conditions of domination of large state banks and transition to sector service of economy. It is noted that with the tightening of regulatory requirements, there is a high risk of transition of small participants of the banking market to the «shadow» sector. At the beginning of 2018, the state’s share in the banking sector reached over 70%. The foundations of the state process were laid eight years ago. Eight years ago, it was suggested that for the participants of the banking market as well, the comparative advantages of rent-seeking behavior are growing, and therefore during the crisis objectively increases the likelihood of adoption of new rules limiting competition. This assumption has been confirmed now. A comparison is made with the organization of the banking sector in China and it is noted that in an effort to ensure the socio-economic stability of the society in Russia, primarily through the stability of the banking system of the country, the state does not just provide conditions for the dominance of large banks and banking groups, but forms a virtually single-tier banking system. The risks of domination of state banks are listed and disclosed. As a result of the formation of a new structure of the banking sector of the country, competition between state-owned banks is tightened, which will acquire peculiar features of the struggle for the client and lead to nationalization in the form of horizontal integration of the business transition into the ownership of the Bank. The introduction of blockchain technology in the issue of bonds while using electronic money, which should be issued by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation will allow non-residents to purchase bonds bypassing sanctions and thereby minimizing their impact on the economy.
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№ 4(70) 31 december 2018 year
Rubric: Industry market
Authors: Plyasova S., Mirzoyan N.

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The article touches upon the changes in the banking sector, which contribute to the increase of competition in the market of banking services between credit and financial institutions and technology companies. The classification of financial organizations depending on the parties involved in transactions is given. For each selected type the specificity is described and examples are given. The historical information of the payment Directive is presented. The most important components of «Payment Services Directive2» (PSD2) are reflected. Categories of payment service providers are specified, three variants of strategic development of banks are described. Goals of implementation «Payment Services Directive2». To operate a list of the types of services identified in the «Payment Services Directive2». Schematically represented the purchase of goods without Payment Initiation Service Provider and the service provider to initiate payments. The position of the Bank of Russia to the Directive is presented. Lists in which the Application programming interface (API) has been actively used. The names of the basic documents regulating API in these countries are also given. The main consequences of the implementation of the Directive, stimulating the increase of competition in the banking sector, through changes in the national legislation of the member States for the banks of the European Union are highlighted.
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№ 4(70) 31 december 2018 year
Rubric: Industry market
The author: Vasilev A.

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The article describes the formalization of the internal university competitiveness management system as a priority criterion for the classification of universities. Three levels of formalization of the internal university competitiveness management system are distinguished and characterized from the point of view of documents and workflow, competitive actions, and other elements of the internal university competitiveness management system. The key to the implementation of the management of the competitiveness of the university is the absence of a substantial gap between: the approved documents; organizational and administrative actions for the implementation of documents, providing planning and monitoring of educational activities; competitive actions for the development and adoption of strategic, tactical and situational management decisions; strategic, tactical and situational competitive actions for the implementation of management decisions.
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№ 4(70) 31 december 2018 year
Rubric: Entrepreneurship theory
The author: Pinkovetskaia Y.

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The paper deals with the results of assessing the current specialization of small and medium-sized enterprises in Russia by types and subspecies of economic activity. Information on the number of employees employed in such enterprises was used to assess specialization. In addition, the specific number of employees per enterprise for the eight most significant types of economic activity was studied. The data of continuous monitoring of small and medium-sized businesses for 2015 conducted by the Federal state statistics service is used as an information base. It is shown that legal entities and individual entrepreneurs specialize not on all, but only on certain subspecies of activity. The branch structure of activity of small and medium enterprises is defined. The current number of employees employed in one enterprise is significantly differentiated depending on the specialization of enterprises in different types of economic activity, as well as the territorial location of these enterprises. The research resulted in new knowledge and tools to assess the current specialization of SMEs in industries and regions. This information can be used in studies on the economy and business management, as well as to substantiate programs for the development of the business sector at the Federal, regional and municipal levels.
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