Authors
Plyasova S.
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Degree
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PhD in Eeconomics, University “Synergy” |
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E-mail
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Splyasova@synergy.ru |
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Location
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Moscow |
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Articles
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FinTech and «Payment Services Directive – 2» as a factor to develop competition in the banking sector in the European UnionThe article touches upon the changes in the banking sector, which contribute to the increase
of competition in the market of banking services between credit and financial institutions and technology
companies. The classification of financial organizations depending on the parties involved
in transactions is given. For each selected type the specificity is described and examples are given.
The historical information of the payment Directive is presented. The most important components of
«Payment Services Directive2» (PSD2) are reflected. Categories of payment service providers are
specified, three variants of strategic development of banks are described. Goals of implementation
«Payment Services Directive2». To operate a list of the types of services identified in the «Payment
Services Directive2». Schematically represented the purchase of goods without Payment Initiation
Service Provider and the service provider to initiate payments. The position of the Bank of Russia
to the Directive is presented. Lists in which the Application programming interface (API) has been
actively used. The names of the basic documents regulating API in these countries are also given.
The main consequences of the implementation of the Directive, stimulating the increase of competition
in the banking sector, through changes in the national legislation of the member States for
the banks of the European Union are highlighted.
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Improving tools for evaluating investment projects to increase business competitivenessThe problem of increasing business competitiveness through the implementation of investment
projects is particularly acute in crisis and post-crisis economy. In the context of changing external
conditions and the development of economic science it is necessary to systematize and to
improve the tools of evaluation of investment projects aimed at increasing business competitiveness.
The article describes the possibility of improving tools for appraisal of innovation potential
of the project, commercial and investment attractiveness of the project, analysis of project risks.
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Competitiveness of self-employed professionsThe Russian Federation has established and introduced a tax on professional activities (NAP) as part of the development of special tax systems, but the competitiveness of the professions offered by the tax legislation is not taken into account. The authors determined the purpose of the study: the expediency of using the professions specified in the tax legislation to provide services for personal, domestic and (or) other similar needs, For this purpose the following tasks were solved: the place of the NDP in the aggregate of all existing special tax regimes of the Russian Federation was considered; a comparative analysis of the application of taxation of self-employed citizens in Russia and abroad, in particular, in Germany, is carried out. The study uses methods of statistical observation, comparison, and analysis. It is revealed that during the period of use of the NDP, although the number of entrepreneurs has increased, but budget revenues are insignificant. The comparison of the lists of professions showed that the professions allowed for use by self-employed citizens (freelancers) in Germany differ from the Russian ones established by law: they are competitive in the economy. Self-employed citizens must confirm their professions with diplomas, belong to professional associations, associations, be sure to study at advanced training courses, compete with an employee. The analysis of the reasons for the use of the NAP regime by individuals in Russia showed that professional activity within the regime is forced and is aimed at obtaining additional, rather than basic, earnings, as in GermanAs a result of the study, it was found that the professions specified in the legislation of Russia are not competitive. It is proposed to change the list of NPA professions taking into account special professional education and competitiveness in the labor market. Read more... |
