List articles
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№ 2(56)
29 april 2016 year
Rubric: The theory of competition Authors: Shastitko A., Fatikhova A., Meleshkina A., Pavlova N. |
Setting out the long-term priorities of competition policy, it’s impossible today to discuss them
in isolation from industrial policy. New industrial policy is brought to the forefront, and competition
values are its central element. In this context the article offers six major trends for competition policy
up to the year 2030: a shift to «smart» antitrust regulation, developing competition with the use of
IPR, lowering entry barriers, modernizing the regulation of natural monopolies, developing competition
in public procurement and the auctioning off of state property, and developing competition on a
regional level. Part of these trends are explained through specific measures, while part of them are
left up for discussion. A set of short-term measures are proposed as well.
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The main objective of the research was to find out differences between effective and ineffective
competition. The study include a review of authors before A. Smith, classic works, static, dynamic,
evolutionary approaches, theory of games and others. Based on the findings we give an own definition
of competition in term of dynamic self-organization of individuals through bargaining in a complex
social-economic system. In the theoretical part of the study we showed a logical development
of understanding the role of competition from necessity of perceived fight to the efficient, safe and
compromise exchange of the goods in base of accepted price ratios. We used the game theory as
a key model of competition. It allowed us to prove some existence of positive and negative effects.
The study showed a role of uncertainty as a main problem to overcome through competition and
endogeneity of the competitive conditions, which depends from the externalities, path dependence
and network effects. Consistent to earlier research the study supported the hypothesis that effective
competition occurs without conflict, that is possible because of the frequency of the bargaining and
asset specificity.
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№ 2(56)
29 april 2016 year
Rubric: Competitiveness of business Authors: Shirokova G. V., Skaletckii E. |
Identification of the firms’ growth factors is a core task for strategic management. Over the past
century, researchers have shown a significant interest in this topic which have been converted in
an amount of articles considering the influence of different factors on firm`s growth. Nevertheless
this topic is so investigated it remains topical actual, because the current models are not accurate
in predicting growth. The aim of this article is defining the main directions of firm`s growth research
on the basis of literature review in order to understand the current stage of theory development and
provide perspective avenues for future researches. In order to achieve this aim we have selected
articles published during period from 1990 to 2016, devoted to investigating factors influencing
firm growth. Based on analysis of 163 articles from top journals in the field of entrepreneurship and
management authors distinguished four research directions: influence of the personal characteristics
of an entrepreneur on firm growth, influence of different types of resources, influence of internal
characteristics and influence of the external environment. Identified features of contemporary stage
of development of the research field allow us to identify avenues for future research on firm growth.
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chains (GVC), which means a situation when the final good at each stage of production is produced
in different regions of the World. This trend mainly can be attributed to separate production units
within Multinational Corporations (MNCs) rather than to different countries. Generally, there is a positive
correlation between the share of inward foreign direct investments (FDI) in GDP of a specific
country and the level of its participation in GVCs and its internal value added in the export: the higher
the former, the bigger is latter. So it is becoming more and more important for individual economies
to integrate into existing GVCs. The author outlines positive and negative effects of countries’ participation
in GVCs, which are created and controlled by foreign MNCs. Additionally, the article explains
the mechanism of MNCs’ impact on GVC development. Today we can see that a new trend of the
international trade is the growing role of MNCs from emerging countries like China and India. So the
main conclusion is that in order to benefit from participation in GVC countries need to stimulate the
creation and growth of their own multinationals.
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The article assesses the competitive status of the leading Russian companies in the first half of 2015
with the aim of identifying the most competitive companies in the context of macroeconomic instability.
The authors have shown that a lack of relevance and the imperfection of applied methods of ranking
enables you to use existing ratings to assess the current competitiveness of economic entities. Due to
conclude that assessment of the impact of recessionary phenomena in the economy on the performance
of the largest domestic companies may be made only by applying specific estimation methods
of competitiveness of enterprises. Analyzed the main methods for assessing the competitiveness of
enterprises, identified their strengths and weaknesses. The authors proved that for rapid assessment
of the competitive status of many business entities is the most appropriate application of the dynamic
evaluation method of enterprise competitiveness. Set out the main provisions of the dynamic approach
to the assessment of the competitive-ness of enterprises, the mathematical apparatus and algorithm
analysis, describes the theoretical and methodological principles underlying the dynamic approach. The
methodological and methodical advantages of the dynamic approach compared to traditional methods
of assessing the competitive-ness of enterprises. Discusses practical aspects of assessment and
analysis of competitiveness of enterprises based on a dynamic method. The calculations of the competitiveness
of the largest companies in Russia by the end of 2015. Revealed company with the highest
and lowest level of competitiveness. The analysis of competitiveness by industry. Identified leading
companies in each industry group. It is shown that unlike traditional ratings, which, as a rule, are based
on only one indicator (usually revenue or capitalization of the entity taken as one accounting period), the
ranking of companies with the use of the dynamic approach is a more accurate tool for assessing their
competitiveness. In conclusion, the authors determined the directions of further research on the subject.
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The purpose of the study was to develop an institutional framework of cooperation between the
state, competition and antitrust policy. The solution of the problem of sustainability of positive changes
in the dynamics and structure of economic development is provided in the world practice a balanced
impact on both market mechanisms and the mechanism of regulating influence of the state.
The article shows that the synergy of the functions of state bodies and functions of competition as
a market mechanism in the long term determines the model of development management of the
reproductive process. Similar to the format of the management model according to the new solves
the issues of borders growth and structural shifts, and transfers the problem from the limited sphere
of opportunities of one state or only market in the field of creative synergies emerging new economic
partnership. The formation of the institutional prerequisites for overcoming the dysfunctions of public
administration in the sphere of anti-monopoly activities and competitive relationships should be systemic
and linked to measures to overcome the dysfunction at a higher hierarchical level of control.
The results of the analysis, conclusions and recommendations can be used in further researches of
the problems of interrelation between the state, competition and antitrust policy.
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