Authors
Kurnysheva I.
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Degree
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Dr of Economy, Science federal state budgetary institution Institute of economy Russian Academy of Sciences, IE RAS |
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E-mail
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kurnisheva@yandex.ru |
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Location
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Moscow |
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Articles
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Taxation and fiscal system improvement trendsSustainable development and national economy competitiveness level increase are only possible if the macroeconomics development trends change and the very impact-making factors of the development change. Today it is impossible to raise the Russian economy competitiveness level, introduce some innovations and upgrade the Russian economy as it lacks a solid financial base that is linked with other necessary financial resources. The upgrade, innovation introduction and modernization that are the base for the competitiveness level increase are hampered for a number of reasons. Last but not the least, the fact that the role of the state in the development of the finan¬cial resources is played down is one of the above reasons.
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Competition in a disorganized marketAs it is known, Russia lacked many prerequisites in the early 90-s needed to ensure that the competitive market mechanisms would contribute to the efficient economy formation. Different market instruments use is a characteristic of the developed economies. It is natural that the tools' efficiency is fairly restricted if they are used in the economies where the transition period is not over.
Nevertheless, Russia created its competitive market regulations during a relatively short period of time; many market development instruments and mechanisms have been used; the business community uses the terms competition and competitiveness widely; we can see some business success stories.
However, we can see that there are no prerequisites yet that could become the basis for the Rus¬sian economy competitiveness as the deep economic crises of the past hamper the competitive environment development.
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Russian human capital in the competitors' world: the special featuresThe world economy is on the verge of a new wave of the technology change. After the changes have occurred, the human capital would play a much more important role in the social and economic development and make redundant many of the factors that have been traditionally contributing to the economic growth. The authors of the recent annual report published by the World Economic Forum consider the HR development as one of the fundamental groups of factors that contribute to the national economy competitiveness level change. The Russian economists have begun thoroughly examining the role the human resources play in the economy only recently, and the human capital is a factor that determines the competitiveness-related ratings in the post-industrial economies.
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Development of market institutions and rules of competition in Russian economyArticle describes the package of basic economic, political, legal and social rules — forming institutional environment of the market — thereupon the government market and antimonopoly policy is conducted.
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Institutional prerequisites of development of the competition and competitive relationsThe purpose of the study was to develop an institutional framework of cooperation between the
state, competition and antitrust policy. The solution of the problem of sustainability of positive changes
in the dynamics and structure of economic development is provided in the world practice a balanced
impact on both market mechanisms and the mechanism of regulating influence of the state.
The article shows that the synergy of the functions of state bodies and functions of competition as
a market mechanism in the long term determines the model of development management of the
reproductive process. Similar to the format of the management model according to the new solves
the issues of borders growth and structural shifts, and transfers the problem from the limited sphere
of opportunities of one state or only market in the field of creative synergies emerging new economic
partnership. The formation of the institutional prerequisites for overcoming the dysfunctions of public
administration in the sphere of anti-monopoly activities and competitive relationships should be systemic
and linked to measures to overcome the dysfunction at a higher hierarchical level of control.
The results of the analysis, conclusions and recommendations can be used in further researches of
the problems of interrelation between the state, competition and antitrust policy.
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Structural modernization of the Russian economy in the context of the modern competitive environmentThe purpose of article was to analyse the reasons of economic lag of Russia and to prove methodological
and practical measures for increase in competitiveness of economy during her structural modernization.
In this regard: the factors promoting the social and economic growth of national competitiveness
are investigated and classified, special attention is paid to the system of internal and external
factors; a number of features of the present stage of modernization of the Russian economy distinguishing
her from the previous attempts is revealed; the complex of theoretical and practical questions of
a role of the institutional environment, the competitive relations is considered; features, dynamics and
tendencies of the key indicators characterizing the competitive environment are analysed; a number of
features of interrelation and interaction between modernization, the competition and competitiveness
of economy of the present stage is revealed; the system group of types of regional competitive advantages
is carried out and recommendations about their elimination are made; world and national lines of
the social and economic tendencies defining new limits of freedom and restrictions of the competitive
relations are designated; prerequisites of emergence and distribution of cartels in the Russian economy
are revealed and systematized; offers on development of antimonopoly activity are made.
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National development plan for the competition and digital economyIn article topical issues of methodology, account and the analysis of statistical information in practice
of macroeconomic developments of development of the competition as one of components
correct implementation of programs for digitalization of economy are considered. Need of change
of the relation to problems and potential of the competition and the developed competitive environment
at all hierarchical levels of economy is proved. It is noted that there is a peculiar diversification
of functions, redistribution of the centers of responsibility for execution of tasks of development of
the competition and his statistical providing; complication of an object of management. It is noted,
lack of the coordinated estimates of scale and character of a state and tendencies of the competition
what is one of the reasons of limited opportunities of efficiency of basic market institute in
the Russian Federation. The main producers and consumers of information on a condition of the
competition in the country are revealed and systematized. Quantitative analytical assessment of a
share of natural monopolies in the Russian economy is made. Creation of the general is offered it is
information — the help system of statistical data.
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Competitive factor of structural modernization of the Russian economyIn article the competitive factor of structural modernization of the Russian economy is considered.
Trends and problems of the competition and the competitive environment are analysed. Special
attention is paid to the National development plan for the competition for 2018–2020 as to modern
institute of public administration by structural priorities. Analytical assessment of the impact of the
competition on structural processes and indicators of macrodynamics is given. On the basis of use
of a wide range of domestic and world theoretical and empirical literature the bibliographic analysis
of influence of the competition on economic growth is carried out. Characteristic of level of the competition
on the basis of polls of heads of the enterprises is presented. The main results about ranks
of the indicators and processes characterizing summary results of the competition and competitiveness
of economic dynamics according to results of the WEF during the period from 2014 to 2018 are
designated. Separate aspects of activity of the state and FAS Russia as institutes of competition and
structural shifts are disclosed. Work is illustrated a number of statistical calculations.
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Competitive policy in the strategic planning systemThe article considers the potential of linking the methodology and tools of competition policy with the main mechanisms of strategic management planning aimed at achieving the priority goals of the state, including the processes of goal setting, forecasting and planning the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation and the positive dynamics of its competitiveness. The article analyzes the trends and highlights the principles of deployment of the process of forming a systemic springboard of competition institutions as an element of state economic policy. Special attention is paid to a new spatial strategy containing proposals to counteract inter-regional imbalances and mitigate imbalances in the socio-economic conditions of individual regions. The main trends and problems of development of the national economic space are analyzed. The role of the human factor as a leading specific factor in competitive relations is emphasized. The author analyzes regional development imbalances that are systemic in nature and, of course, have a negative impact on markets and the quality of their competitive environment, as well as macroeconomic indicators. The role of transport infrastructure in reducing the level of interregional differentiation in the socio-economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation and stimulating competitive relations is updated. The assessment of the level of competition development in the country is given; the work carried out by the state at all hierarchical levels of the economy in the field of competition development, including the influence of the state on business activity. There are two main directions of activation of competitive relations in the framework of strategic planning: methodological and organizational and economic Read more... |
