The issues of theory |
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This paper considers how constructive and functional approaches to studying entrepreneurship
can be applied in accordance with interdisciplinary methodology. It discusses problems of identification
of entrepreneurs — identification and systematization of the executable of their professional
functions due to the target goals of business’s role in life and which form the content of entrepreneurship
as one of areas of human activity.
The author draws attention to the need to systematize entrepreneurial functions, which form the
core of the identity of the entrepreneurial profession and forms its unique functional specificity, which
distinguishes it from the professions of manager, engineer, inventor, designer, economist, and other
professions that have their own functional specificity.
The article also considers the question of correlation of the core identity of entrepreneurial profession
with entrepreneurial functions and personality traits of entrepreneurs. Namely, it is described
the structure of blocks of personal traits of entrepreneurs necessary for them to conduct successful
entrepreneurial activity.
The author concludes that the application of the functional approach would make it possible to
successfully advance in solving the scientific problem of substantiating the irreducible identification
core of the system of theoretical entrepreneurship concepts, its evolution, as well as to achieve an
orderly application of the «entrepreneurial» terminology in theory and practice.
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The concept of system management as a methodology of enterprise management on the basis
of representation of the internal structure of the enterprise in the form of a population of economic,
social, organizational and technological and other systems is developed. Intra-production systems
on the basis of a typology of systems that distinguishes between object (organizational), project
(innovative), process and environmental systems are integrated. It is shown that this approach
integrates well-known concepts of organizational management, project management, institution
management and business process management. Using the managerial theories of I. Adizes and
P. Drucker, as well as the theory of production functions with constant elasticities of substitution of
factors by H. Uzawa, a criterion for the effectiveness of system management of an enterprise is being
constructed.
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Educational environment of entrepreneurship |
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The article discusses some of the problems that occur during the implementation of the program
«Digital economy of the Russian Federation». The expected change in the structure of the labor
market due to the increase in the share of information technology in the sectors of the economy, the
need for changes in the system of higher education. Due to the constant acceleration of development
of tools of digital economy the need for the organization of continuous improvement of professional
skill of specialists increases.
One of the problems of the Russian economy remains low productivity. This hinders the growth
of wages and the purchasing power of the population. The most effective way to improve productivity
is the introduction of new technologies and modernization of equipment. Lack of investment,
equity and debt capital is seen as an impediment to technical development.
The next challenge to improve productivity is the lack of knowledge. The speed of changes in
technology suggests that it is necessary to debug the system of education and further training
of specialists in all sectors of the economy.
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The modern stage of development of business education in Russia can be characterized as the
completion of primary formation of the system. Identifies the main components of entrepreneurship
education, with particular attention paid to the training of entrepreneurs in universities: the basic
ideas and approaches that underlie such training, presents the main pedagogical conditions of its
effectiveness, identified current problems and contradictions. The leading problem is the lack of
specialized training programs in the field of «Entrepreneurship». Training of entrepreneurs is conducted
through a variety of bachelor, on the basis of various educational models, significantly different
to its pedagogical effectiveness and do not have signs of consistency and complexity. In this
regard, the main task of the current phase is the backbone of beginning the search, ensure the
integrity and effectiveness of preparing students for their own entrepreneurial activities in the sphere
of small and average business, on the basis of existing non-core («non-entrepreneur») higher education
programs.
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Methods and technologies of entrepreneurship education |
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The article analyzes the specifics of the organization of educational-and-production activity of students
in the form of educational firm. The advantages of educational firm from the point of view of
possibility for students to acquire practical skills of business activity are considered. The concept
of the Regional Innovation Platform «Educational firm as a form of organization of educational-andproduction
activity of students of the professional-and-educational organization» on the basis of the
Magnitogorsk’s College of technology name after V. P. Omelchenko is revealed.
The article concludes that the educational firm as a form of educational and production activity of
students provides an increase on the level of entrepreneurial literacy in society, serves the development
of entrepreneurship in general and the youth entrepreneurship in particular, which, in turn,
contributes to the development of the economy and social sphere in the state.
For an innovation-oriented economy, the set of conditions created through the innovation platform
contributes to the creation of new enterprises by individuals in the field of small and medium-sized
businesses aimed at the effective implementation of innovations. Individual is motivated to achieve
professional and creative self-realization. This has a positive impact on the business climate and,
consequently, on the rate of economic growth of the state.
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The methodological experience of bridging the gap between theory and practice of entrepreneurship
for higher education programs, based on solving practical problems of the business community,
is considered. The experience of forming team interaction and evaluation of entrepreneurial projects
executed by the participants of the «Ostrov MIR» social entrepreneurship competition and the contest
of project session «Fresh View» of the Institute of Industriai Management of the RANEPA. A description
of the methodology for forming teams for solving business problems of companies is given. The
analysis of the effectiveness of the developed projects from the point of view of the client companies
on the implementation of entrepreneurial initiatives is exemplified by the design sessions of the Institute
of Industrial Management. The analysis of experience on the development of entrepreneurial projects
in real estate for shopping centers is carried out. The results and responses of companies of customers
and students who participated in the development of projects are presented. The scope of the
methodology in the educational process for the formation of entrepreneurial competencies is defined.
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Psychology and entrepreneurial self-management |
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The article outlines the problems that need to be addressed for the formation of the education
system of the entrepreneur community in Russia; the results of a psychological study of the personal
characteristics of a successful Russian entrepreneur are presented. The theoretical and methodological
foundations of hip education of entrepreneurs are presented: innovative methodology,
process consulting, andragogics, the using of active methods of education and e-learning. Requirements
are formulated for the them who are training entrepreneurs. The experience of the Faculty
of Psychology and the Center for Corporate Education and Consulting Centre at Yaroslavl State
Demidov University in the integration of scientific — psychological researches, methodological developments
in adult education, the involvement of students in projects related to the training of
entrepreneurs are described.
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Regional features of entrepreneurship education |
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On the basis of normative sources and strategic documents, the relevance of the development
and implementation of a regional model of quality management of entrepreneurship education
based on the example of the Chelyabinsk region is substantiated. The contradictions revealed in the
system of secondary vocational education have been identified and formulated since the Federal
state educational standard for TOP-50 came into force. With the purpose of resolving the revealed
contradictions, the goal of the federal experimental site, open on the basis of State budgetary vocational
educational institution South Ural Versatile College, was formulated, a hypothesis was put
forward, tasks and stages of work were determined. The author suggests a possible regional system
of entrepreneurship education.
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International experience |
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The authors have discussed the main approaches to the entrepreneurial education organization
in the European countries nowadays. Based on the study of the basic documents of the EU on the
organization of entrepreneurial education, its strategies and success factors are described in article.
The differences in the approaches to the content of entrepreneurial education and in the assessment
of its value as factor of the personal development of the students are revealed by authors.
The article analyzes the items of the current State federal educational standards of the general
education from the point of the perspective of the development of the entrepreneurial education in
Russian schools. The authors have proved the advisability of the meta-subject approach in teaching
the basics of entrepreneurship for the junior schoolchildren. It is suggested that in the basic school
the entrepreneurial education within the framework of the current educational standard has to be
introduced by a subject of «Fundamental of Entrepreneurship» as the school component. Тhe authors
have proposed to use the practical-oriented tasks during the learning the subjects related to
the subject area of «Technology» and also to use the interactive forms of training As well. At high
school inclusion in the educational standard of the special subject area called «Economic and legal
bases of the entrepreneurial activity» directed to completion of the creation of the entrepreneurial
competences at the graduate of high school is offered.
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The article is devoted to the prospects of the development of education of entrepreneurs taking
into account the accumulated practice of forming new approaches to business education. Modern
Russian society needs educated, moral, enterprising people which can independently accept
critical decisions in a situation of choice. For effective business activities necessary to prepare innovative
professionals possessing appropriate knowledge and competencies. Such specialists, as
international experience shows, can be trained not only in the course of training in economic specialties
in business education, but also on the basis of the creation of a multi-level system of vocational
education. Priority directions of modern education is to teach different categories of citizens the
basics of entrepreneurship, their adaptation and orientation in market conditions, the formation of
economic thinking, the development of economic culture.
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New translations |
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Entrepreneurship education research is not advancing as fast as general entrepreneurship because
it is not subject to the same level of scholarship. Grounded in the Scholarship of Teaching
and Learning (SoTL) from the field of adult education and using an expert Delphi Panel approach,
we offer a glimpse into the minds of top entrepreneurship educators. We suggest studying entrepreneurship
education through a teaching lens offers insights and elevates teaching as a form of
scholarship on par with traditional, more accepted forms of research. Our Delphi analysis suggests
a definition of entrepreneurship education as developing the mindset, skillset, and practice necessary
for starting new ventures, yet acknowledge the outcomes of such education are far-reaching.
We introduce five continuums of entrepreneurship education that encourage a transition to teaching
approaches based on adult learning, namely andragogy and heutagogy. Implications for entrepreneurship
educator training, the need for practice, and the future of entrepreneurship education
research are discussed.
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