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Klejner G. B.

Degree	Doctor of Economics, Professor, Deputy Director of the Central Institute of Economics and Mathematics, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences
E-mail	george.kleiner@inbox.ru
Articles	Microeconomics of knowledge and competitiveness of enterprises Until recently researchers of modern economics did not pay enough attention to knowledge econ¬omy disregarding the significance of knowledge as an economic category. In what way does knowledge economy differ from classical standard economy? Its revolutionary character lies in the fact that not only technologies but also the whole mechanism of knowledge production began to be included into economy, i.e., knowledge economy implies not only produc¬tion economy, but also universities, fundamental science, communication system, patent system, applied science, research and development, i.e., the whole integrated complex. Read more... Business strategy: the concept and the structure One of the most important goals a business has in a competitive environment is to do the strategic planning and to elaborate a business development strategy. Unfortunately, many Russian busi¬nesses have failed to fulfill the task. The main reason why they have failed is the fact that a strategic planning theory and methodology that could suit the Russian businesses and that is in line with the achievements made by the world economic and management theory developers has not been elaborated in full. Our editorial board has asked Georgy Kleiner, a renowned Russian scientist, to give us his opinion on the business strategy choice and implementation issues. The methodology he uses in his works includes the traditional tried-and-true principle of moving from the abstract to the specific and from the specific to the implementation stage. Using the methodology, he shows the essence of the strategic approach used when elaborating a business development theory and choosing a business management principle. The main goal of the article is to determine the business strategy development process require¬ments that should be in line with the findings of the external and internal business environment research in which the entities that make decisions and fulfill the strategic tasks were examined. When forming a business strategy, it is important to streamline each sector business's strategy choices that seem to be endless and to describe the restricted and countable number of variants to choose from. The author's second goal is to elaborate and describe the recommendations needed to be followed when the businesses are on this necessary stage of the strategy development process. Read more... A systemic approach towards a business strategy The Russian management and owners of businesses operating in today's ever-changing environ¬ment lack strategic thinking skills and strategic planning experience. This is in many cases the rea¬son why the business management's actions are unpredictable, inconsistent, short term-oriented and are sometimes dictated by the lucrative impulses. The editorial board publishes here a series of articles written by Georgy Kleiner, a renowned Rus¬sian scholar. In his works he follows the principle of going from the abstract to the specific and from the specific to the practice and shows the essence of a strategic approach towards business management in theory and in practice. Read more... Every component of a national economy should be in harmony with each other John Maynard Keynes' book The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money appeared as a follow-up to the preceding research that was done in order to help people fight with the aftermath of the economic crisis of the 1920-s and 30-s that had affected all the developed capitalist countries. Can the modern scientific community use the experience gained and the great economists' heritage in order to analyze the reasons why the world financial crisis has occurred and can they offer an efficient tool to be used to find a way out of the situation? The editorial board publishes here an article where Georgy Kleiner describes his view of the issue. Read more... System Management and System Optimization of an Enterprise The concept of system management as a methodology of enterprise management on the basis of representation of the internal structure of the enterprise in the form of a population of economic, social, organizational and technological and other systems is developed. Intra-production systems on the basis of a typology of systems that distinguishes between object (organizational), project (innovative), process and environmental systems are integrated. It is shown that this approach integrates well-known concepts of organizational management, project management, institution management and business process management. Using the managerial theories of I. Adizes and P. Drucker, as well as the theory of production functions with constant elasticities of substitution of factors by H. Uzawa, a criterion for the effectiveness of system management of an enterprise is being constructed. Read more... “Consciously Comradely” Beginnings of A. Bogdanov's Organizational and Managerial Model The publication is devoted to the consideration of theoretical foundations in the field of system socio-economic space, which is reflected in the works of Russian philosopher and encyclopedist Alexander Alexandrovich Bogdanov. Based on the concept of socially-organized experience, reflecting the basic principles about the laws of organization, acting in technology (organization of things), economy (organization of people), politics (organization of ideas), the article substantiates the idea of the special role of space and time, first proposed by A. Bogdanov in relation to economic systems in the context of the system economic theory. In this conceptual context the processes of search of new approaches and rethinking of theoretical capital Тs purpose of transformation of economic systems in the direction of increase of their efficiency are considered. One of such sources of national intellectual heritage are the works of Russian philosopher and encyclopedist Alexander Alexandrovich Bogdanov, which outlined the concept of socially organized experience, reflecting basic principles about the laws of organization, operating in technology (organization of things), economy (organization of people), politics (organization of ideas) and the need for their systemic study. Concept A. A. Bogdanov is the first scientific concept, which integrates ideas of cybernetics, general systems theory and synergetic. The author pays attention to A. A. Bogdanov’s attempt to generalize universal organizational laws, controlling the behavior and structure of fundamentally new complex systems, which is described as “general organizational science”. A. Bogdanov was outstanding – both for his time and contemporaneity - attempt of generalization of universal organizational laws, governing the behavior and structure of principally new complex systems. In the article the idea of the special role of space and time, which was first proposed by A. A. Bogdanov, is developed and developed in the article as applied to economic systems in the context of system economic theory, and the conceptual model of qualitative equilibrium interaction of basic economic subsystems is built. On the basis of the presented information model of economic system on the basis of A. A. Bogdanov’s doctrine leads to conclusions that this doctrine in combination with modern systematic economic theory might become the theoretical base of general economic analysis. The arguments in favor of revival of interest to understanding of A. A. Bogdanov’s ideas and, in particular, to understanding of “economy space” and to the concept of “conscious cooperation”, which can supplement or oppose the concept of competition. His basic ideas about society based on consciously comradely principles, which are of scientific interest in the context of regulation of bona fide and non-bona fide behavior of economic subjects, are also noted. The article allows us to approach the estimation of variety of Bogdanov’s ideas from different positions, leaving the possibility for each scientist to form his own view and approach to this process of rethinking of his many theses and instruments. This article on the pages of the journal opens a discussion platform for discussion and the search for scientific and scientific-applied ideas aimed at improving the efficiency of economic systems, the formation of modern concepts and organizational and management principles and mechanisms to improve and develop both economic entities and the economy as a whole. Read more...

Degree

Doctor of Economics, Professor, Deputy Director of the Central Institute of Economics and Mathematics, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences

E-mail

george.kleiner@inbox.ru

Articles

Microeconomics of knowledge and competitiveness of enterprises

Until recently researchers of modern economics did not pay enough attention to knowledge econ¬omy disregarding the significance of knowledge as an economic category. In what way does knowledge economy differ from classical standard economy? Its revolutionary character lies in the fact that not only technologies but also the whole mechanism of knowledge production began to be included into economy, i.e., knowledge economy implies not only produc¬tion economy, but also universities, fundamental science, communication system, patent system, applied science, research and development, i.e., the whole integrated complex.

Business strategy: the concept and the structure

One of the most important goals a business has in a competitive environment is to do the strategic planning and to elaborate a business development strategy. Unfortunately, many Russian busi¬nesses have failed to fulfill the task. The main reason why they have failed is the fact that a strategic planning theory and methodology that could suit the Russian businesses and that is in line with the achievements made by the world economic and management theory developers has not been elaborated in full. Our editorial board has asked Georgy Kleiner, a renowned Russian scientist, to give us his opinion on the business strategy choice and implementation issues. The methodology he uses in his works includes the traditional tried-and-true principle of moving from the abstract to the specific and from the specific to the implementation stage. Using the methodology, he shows the essence of the strategic approach used when elaborating a business development theory and choosing a business management principle. The main goal of the article is to determine the business strategy development process require¬ments that should be in line with the findings of the external and internal business environment research in which the entities that make decisions and fulfill the strategic tasks were examined. When forming a business strategy, it is important to streamline each sector business's strategy choices that seem to be endless and to describe the restricted and countable number of variants to choose from. The author's second goal is to elaborate and describe the recommendations needed to be followed when the businesses are on this necessary stage of the strategy development process.

A systemic approach towards a business strategy

The Russian management and owners of businesses operating in today's ever-changing environ¬ment lack strategic thinking skills and strategic planning experience. This is in many cases the rea¬son why the business management's actions are unpredictable, inconsistent, short term-oriented and are sometimes dictated by the lucrative impulses. The editorial board publishes here a series of articles written by Georgy Kleiner, a renowned Rus¬sian scholar. In his works he follows the principle of going from the abstract to the specific and from the specific to the practice and shows the essence of a strategic approach towards business management in theory and in practice.

Every component of a national economy should be in harmony with each other

John Maynard Keynes' book The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money appeared as a follow-up to the preceding research that was done in order to help people fight with the aftermath of the economic crisis of the 1920-s and 30-s that had affected all the developed capitalist countries. Can the modern scientific community use the experience gained and the great economists' heritage in order to analyze the reasons why the world financial crisis has occurred and can they offer an efficient tool to be used to find a way out of the situation?

The editorial board publishes here an article where Georgy Kleiner describes his view of the issue.

System Management and System Optimization of an Enterprise

The concept of system management as a methodology of enterprise management on the basis of representation of the internal structure of the enterprise in the form of a population of economic, social, organizational and technological and other systems is developed. Intra-production systems on the basis of a typology of systems that distinguishes between object (organizational), project (innovative), process and environmental systems are integrated. It is shown that this approach integrates well-known concepts of organizational management, project management, institution management and business process management. Using the managerial theories of I. Adizes and P. Drucker, as well as the theory of production functions with constant elasticities of substitution of factors by H. Uzawa, a criterion for the effectiveness of system management of an enterprise is being constructed.

“Consciously Comradely” Beginnings of A. Bogdanov's Organizational and Managerial Model

The publication is devoted to the consideration of theoretical foundations in the field of system socio-economic space, which is reflected in the works of Russian philosopher and encyclopedist Alexander Alexandrovich Bogdanov. Based on the concept of socially-organized experience, reflecting the basic principles about the laws of organization, acting in technology (organization of things), economy (organization of people), politics (organization of ideas), the article substantiates the idea of the special role of space and time, first proposed by A. Bogdanov in relation to economic systems in the context of the system economic theory. In this conceptual context the processes of search of new approaches and rethinking of theoretical capital Тs purpose of transformation of economic systems in the direction of increase of their efficiency are considered. One of such sources of national intellectual heritage are the works of Russian philosopher and encyclopedist Alexander Alexandrovich Bogdanov, which outlined the concept of socially organized experience, reflecting basic principles about the laws of organization, operating in technology (organization of things), economy (organization of people), politics (organization of ideas) and the need for their systemic study. Concept A. A. Bogdanov is the first scientific concept, which integrates ideas of cybernetics, general systems theory and synergetic. The author pays attention to A. A. Bogdanov’s attempt to generalize universal organizational laws, controlling the behavior and structure of fundamentally new complex systems, which is described as “general organizational science”. A. Bogdanov was outstanding – both for his time and contemporaneity - attempt of generalization of universal organizational laws, governing the behavior and structure of principally new complex systems. In the article the idea of the special role of space and time, which was first proposed by A. A. Bogdanov, is developed and developed in the article as applied to economic systems in the context of system economic theory, and the conceptual model of qualitative equilibrium interaction of basic economic subsystems is built. On the basis of the presented information model of economic system on the basis of A. A. Bogdanov’s doctrine leads to conclusions that this doctrine in combination with modern systematic economic theory might become the theoretical base of general economic analysis. The arguments in favor of revival of interest to understanding of A. A. Bogdanov’s ideas and, in particular, to understanding of “economy space” and to the concept of “conscious cooperation”, which can supplement or oppose the concept of competition. His basic ideas about society based on consciously comradely principles, which are of scientific interest in the context of regulation of bona fide and non-bona fide behavior of economic subjects, are also noted. The article allows us to approach the estimation of variety of Bogdanov’s ideas from different positions, leaving the possibility for each scientist to form his own view and approach to this process of rethinking of his many theses and instruments. This article on the pages of the journal opens a discussion platform for discussion and the search for scientific and scientific-applied ideas aimed at improving the efficiency of economic systems, the formation of modern concepts and organizational and management principles and mechanisms to improve and develop both economic entities and the economy as a whole. Read more...

Authors

Klejner G. B.

Microeconomics of knowledge and competitiveness of enterprises

Business strategy: the concept and the structure

A systemic approach towards a business strategy

Every component of a national economy should be in harmony with each other

System Management and System Optimization of an Enterprise

“Consciously Comradely” Beginnings of A. Bogdanov's Organizational and Managerial Model

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