Journal archive
Industry market |
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The article reveals the specificity and problems of application of the concept of sustainable development
to the Russian agricultural complex, as a set of inter-related industries.
The author considers the methodological and ideological features of the concept of sustainable
development, manifested in its application to the agricultural sector of the Russian economy, and
distinguish it from the concept of industrial competitiveness.
The article also discusses the fundamental problems of development of agro-business in Russia.
The author reveals the pivotal role of the indicators in the general model of sustainable development
of agricultural complex, as well as structural dependence of the indicators from the definition
of criteria of sustainable development.
The article discusses the author’s classification criteria for sustainable development of agriculture
in Russia. In order to select the optimal status indicators agro business objects are defined in the
study and evaluation of the triune model of sustainable development.
The article presents the author’s classification of criteria for sustainable development of agriculture
complex. In order to select the optimal indicators of the status of agriculture complex, objects of
evaluation are defined in triune model of sustainable development.
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The theory of competition |
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The article describes the mechanisms of determining the company’s strategic goals of participation
in the competition. The author describes the processes of identifying the firm’s strategic
areas of business and competition, of detection of strategic competitive conditions, of definition
and classification of company`s strategic environment, of development of a strategic competitive
disposition.
The author reveals the content of the strategic management of competitive action, describes the
stages of planning strategically significant competitive actions, competitive results and competitive
potential.
The article also reveals the content of processes of planning of strategic competitive fields.
The author describes the possibility of combining different competitive strategies. The article considers
the process of incentives, organizing and application controlling of competitive strategies.
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Entrepreneurship theory |
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This article attempts to systematize the existing knowledge about factors influencing new venture
growth, through literature review of 56 research articles in this area. New venture definitions and
characteristics are discussed in this study. Based on the literature review key factors that influence
new venture growth are identified, which contain business environment, including industry and
geographical characteristics, new venture strategy and firm internal environment, representing personal
features, experience and competence level of entrepreneur or entrepreneurial team, firm resources,
its capabilities and organizational structure. Influence of each of them may differ from time
to time and depend on the particular circumstances certainly, but the fact of their impact is evident
based on the results of conducted research studies. As the result of literature review we identified
the main gaps in this new venture research stream, and proposed further research directions.
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Antitrust regulation |
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The uniform approach to identify the markets like market of payment systems’ services (two-sided
markets with network effects) has not been presented yet in the modern economic and law literature.
There is also no unique answer to the basic question — how the boundaries of such a market
should be identified. This paper describes the features of two-sided markets with network effects,
presents a review of cases of foreign antitrust authorities against payment systems, and also the
characteristics of market identification in these cases.
The performed analysis allowed drawing a conclusion on the application of the universal rules, similar
to those described in The Procedure of competitive situation analysis in the product markets, in the
antitrust policy. The procedure of economic analysis in the markets with the special structures can
go far beyond the strict rules described in this Procedure and can require using of more instruments.
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Widely used in the antitrust laws Herfindahl–Hirschman Index evaluates the level of market concentration.
However, it fails to say whether the share of one or more firms is so high that it leads to
high monopoly prices. This encourages researchers to propose new methods of assessing the level
of market power. The article deals with one of these new criteria proposed by Melnik A., Shy O.,
Stenbacka R. In contrast to Hirschman–Herfindahl index characterizing concentration measure
of the industry a new measure helps to determine whether the firm has a dominant position. Undeniable
advantages criterion is that its use requires only the shares of the two largest players in
the market and that it takes into account the characteristics of the market such as entry barriers.
Markets are characterized for which the criterion for dominance and the Herfindahl — Hirschman
index give different assessment of the competitive environment. Both indicators are used to assess
competition level for Russian coal market. Russian coal market is described to the extent
necessary for the task. Some aspects and restrictions of terms «geographic market» and «product
market» are revealed.
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In article approaches of judicial authorities of the Russian Federation on consideration of questions
of activity of tow pounds when rendering services for storage of the detained vehicles and to
determining such services as the commodity market for application of measures of antimonopoly
reaction are investigated. The analysis of law-enforcement practice of antimonopoly authorities of
the Russian Federation on identification and suppression of abuse of tow pounds is carried out
by the exclusive position in the commodity market and on the basis of this practice approaches
to definition of the grocery borders necessary for establishment of existence of a dominant position
are opened. The author offered approach by definition of such borders for elaboration of its
uniform application at excitement and consideration antimonopoly to bodies of cases of violation
of the antimonopoly law. Examples of abuses of tow pounds are given by the situation when placing
of the detained vehicles on them and possible consequences for drivers at such abuse.
By the author it is also suggested about possible existence several tow pounds within one municipality
and the right of the driver for a choice of the tow pounds at the placement of his detainee
of the vehicle on storage.
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The urgent need to prepare the Russian version of Guidelines on vertical restraints (the analog
of very detailed EU Guidelines) requires intense efforts. In particular, it is necessary to define and
to describe many types of vertical restraints that are not mentioned in Russian antitrust law now
(the list contains only the maximum/minimum resale price maintenance, exclusive territories, fixed
payments for access to the distribution network).
The first part of the article discusses the basic types of vertical restraints and their classification
criteria used in theoretical literature. The second part of the article is dedicated to the description
of vertical restraints mentioned in EU Guidelines on Vertical Restraints. This document pays attention
not only to basic types of vertical restraints, but also to much more complicated distribution
systems. In the third part of the article the possible classifications of these types of vertical
restraints are considered.
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Competitiveness of organizations |
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One of the key performance indicators process of forming Russia’s new economy, «knowledge
economy» is the level of human capital accumulation. Unfortunately Russia’s positions in the international
ranking of countries on the Human Development Index are not high. The insufficient efficiency
of human capital using is part of the reason the low value of this indicator. It should be noted
that this inefficiency manifests at the level of the national economy, and at the level of individual
companies. This article describes different approaches to the interpretation of the notion of «human
capital» and highlights its structural elements. The features of human capital and the specific
features that distinguish it from physical capital are defined. It shows the effect the quality of human
capital as a major factor for competitiveness personnel has on economic development indicators
and competitiveness of business. Main directions in the area of raising and development of human
capital, which will be a key factor in improving the competitiveness of Russian companies and the
national economy in general, are suggested in conclusion.
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