Authors
Sukhorukova К.
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Degree
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Expert, Analytical Center for the Government of the Russian Federation, Institute for Industrial and Market Studies, NRU HSE |
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E-mail
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ksenia.sukhorukova@gmail.com |
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Location
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Moscow |
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Articles
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Market boundaries and competition peculiarities in the markets of Visa and Master Card services: the lessons of antitrust law applicationThe uniform approach to identify the markets like market of payment systems’ services (two-sided
markets with network effects) has not been presented yet in the modern economic and law literature.
There is also no unique answer to the basic question — how the boundaries of such a market
should be identified. This paper describes the features of two-sided markets with network effects,
presents a review of cases of foreign antitrust authorities against payment systems, and also the
characteristics of market identification in these cases.
The performed analysis allowed drawing a conclusion on the application of the universal rules, similar
to those described in The Procedure of competitive situation analysis in the product markets, in the
antitrust policy. The procedure of economic analysis in the markets with the special structures can
go far beyond the strict rules described in this Procedure and can require using of more instruments.
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Assessment of competition level and competition environment: a review of methods and survey results in 2014 – 2016In the recent years in the Russian state policy formation special attention has been paid to the
promotion of competition development. An increasing interest in this issue induces the demand
for the methodology of assessment of competition level and competition environment. Although
there is a wide range of indicators describing the level of competition and its intensity and a broad
spectrum of methods for evaluation of these indicators, there is no unified methodology for the
purposes of state competition policy formation in Russia. The article is devoted to the review of
existing approaches to evaluation of competition level and competition environment applied by
different researchers and by antitrust authorities, their pros and cons. It also presents an alternative
methodology that is based on the survey of business community representatives and that
combines the main ways to the competition assessment. The proposed methodology has been
tested by the Analytical Center for the Government of the Russian Federation in 2014 – 2016 and
the results of the testing are also described in the article. This method of competition evaluation
can be used for assessments both at the country level of the Russian Federation and at the level
of the Russian regions.
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