Journal archive

The vehicle fuel market are of high interest to many actors. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively identify the environmental feasibility and existing economic problems in the distribution of certain automobile fuels, to identify the fuel transition stakeholders and their influence on ongoing structural changes in the market. The study uses statistical data on the popularity of vehicles and certain fuels, as well as accounting and stock indicators of car manufacturers. Econometric methods, methods of financial statistics were used; regulatory impact analysis and content analysis of regulatory legal acts were carried out. In the course of the work, consumer, environmental and economic characteristics of different types of automobile fuel are systematized. It is shown that the prevalence of both more and less environmentally friendly fuels, both in the past and in the present, is explained primarily by the dominant economic interests of the actors rather than environmental ones. The complexity of coordination of interests in the fuel sphere and the gradual limitation of the possibility of opportunistic influence on the market of coalitions of interests are revealed. The directions of environmental standards adjustment for transport, measures and tools to increase the popularity of certain alternative fuels and reduce the exploitation of personal cars are proposed, with special attention paid to the specifics of the Russian market. The novelty of the study are the definition of environmental feasibility, distribution trends and existing problems associated with automotive fuels, taking into account a broad retrospective, natural and climatic and socio-economic characteristics of countries. Theoretical significance lies in identifying the role of environmental and economic interests in the past and ongoing fuel transitions. Of practical value are recommendations for solving existing environmental problems and ensuring the fuel transition in the world and the Russia, in particular.

The problem of competitive balance in the sports economy remains relevant and widely discussed both in the scientific community and among representatives of the sports services market around the world. This issue is widely considered in the world scientific literature. At the same time, there are practically no studies devoted to assessing the competitive balance in the leading sports leagues in Russia. The tasks required to achieve this goal are as follows, based on methods for assessing the competitive balance, characterize the innovations made by the top – KHL management and identify new factors that affect the level of competitive balance in the KHL. The study relies on previous works that examine the presence of a competitive balance in leading sports leagues. Including in the NHL, the model of which was used to create the Kontinental Hockey League and is very similar in many respects. This work makes it possible not only to evaluate the effectiveness of decisions made by the league, but also to study the impact innovations KHL policies on organizational results over time. In this article, for the first time, issues of the impact of innovations on competitive balance in hockey leagues until changes and after. Authors conclude that after making major changes to the KHL regulation, in all respects, the level of competitive balance has not changed than before. It means that the well-known and widely used tools for regulating the competitive balance in the sports leagues did not give the expected result in one of the leading sports leagues in Russia.

The emergence of network retailers and corporate associative structures in some industries, which became the largest buyers or initiators of market processes, began to form the buyer’s market power or bargaining power of the buyer that became the object of a broader study and confirmed its relevance. The realization of bargaining power on the part of the consumer does not always manifest itself in the system of economic interactions as an action that violates competition, but often is identified as a mechanism of business strategies or a form of implementation of marketing competitive practices. There are types of markets and market situations in which bargaining power is essentially the central link of the transaction, regulating prices, volumes, contract terms and distribution of benefits. The purpose of the study is to consider the phenomenon of bargaining power, since the consequences of its manifestations form long-term losses for both the seller and the market as a whole. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve several tasks: to conduct a theoretical analysis of the concept of “bargaining power”, to determine the difference between bargaining power and market power and to identify factors affecting the formation and development of bargaining power. This article focuses on the study of the evolution of theoretical thought in the field of disclosure of the phenomenon of bargaining power. Foreign sources give some understanding of the subject of bargaining power, but the question of factors, research schools and evaluation indicators still remains open. Based on the available bibliographic content, the article presents a comprehensive analysis of the category of “bargaining power” in various conditions of interaction of agents, the established scientific directions of its study. The systematized factors influencing the negotiating power and the vectors of their impact reflect the accumulated author’s opinion of different research views. The article reflects the criteria characteristics of the manifestation of bargaining power in the market. Understanding the essence of the phenomenon under study can be useful for expanding the field of market analysis in cases of antimonopoly proceedings, preventing anticompetitive actions, forming an antimonopoly compliance system and preventing antimonopoly risks.

The relevance of the study is due to the special importance of correctly determining the product boundaries of the cross-border markets of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in the process of antimonopoly regulation. An erroneous definition of such parameters leads to an incorrect definition of the product, and, as a result, to a narrowing or expansion of the scope and geography of its circulation, an increase or blurring of the shares of entities operating in the markets, a false level of concentration, as well as a distortion of the criteria for delineating the competence of the EEC and national authorities in terms of abuse of dominance. This process can be much more complicated when it comes to goods that are subject to technical regulations, and due to their specificity, there are a significant number of types of goods that are generally similar in some respects, but differ in others. In this regard, within the framework of the study, an attempt was made to assess the possibilities of using certain methods of econometric modeling when establishing product boundaries for cross-border markets for such goods using the example of non-electric initiation systems. The research hypothesis is based on the following assumptions. First: technical regulations and standards not only act as market entry barriers, but also have a decisive influence on the definition of a market within which goods equivalent to each other circulate. Second: when determining the product boundaries of markets operating in the system of technical regulation, along with traditional and normatively fixed approaches, multiple regression models can be used and a correlation between the cost of a product and its characteristics, as well as empirical analysis data that allows segmenting goods according to specific boundaries, can be used.

Having appeared relatively recently, digital ecosystems have become an indispensable strategic tool for the development of large businesses by attracting new and retaining old consumers of digital services. The author of the article views digital business ecosystems as an opportunity for rapid economic growth for startups. The relevance of the work lies in the insufficient study in the scientific literature of the participation of startups in the activities of digital ecosystems of large businesses, as well as in their active influence on the business environment as creators of innovations. The aim of the work is to develop theoretical and practical knowledge for both startups and their counterparties, owners of digital business ecosystems. The main task is to develop management solutions for startups in terms of joining the ecosystem of a major partner. Business ecosystems in this paper act as a new direction for the implementation of the strategy of mergers and acquisitions for the owners of the considered digital business tool. The database of the study was compiled by the characteristics and features of the activity of large business ecosystems in Russia and the world in terms of activating the merger and acquisition strategy through a qualitative analysis of their non-financial statements and press releases. As a result, there are revealed the advantages and disadvantages of digital business ecosystems using this business model, there are highlighted the features of the economic development of startups, their characteristics required to enter the ecosystem of big business and carried out a SWOT analysis of the integration of a startup into a digital ecosystem, correlating all the results in a matrix (a tool for making strategic management decisions), which, depending on the orientation of the development of a startup, points to such decisions as integration (full merger), integration with intellectual property rights, dual leadership and corporate venture capital. The practical results of this work can be used by researchers of digital business ecosystems, as well as by owners of startups planning to enter large business ecosystems, and by owners of such ecosystems.

The article is devoted to the problems of increasing the effectiveness of competitive strategies of restaurant business enterprises in the context of society digital transformation. Special attention is paid to the Russian experience of digitalization of restaurants. Domestic catering enterprises in conditions of market turbulence are forced to develop innovative competitive strategies for survival and development, an integral component of which is the business digitalization. This determines the relevance of this study. The purpose of the work is to get an idea of the current trends in the use of digital technologies in the framework of competitive strategies of restaurants. The main objectives of the study: to identify the most popular digital technological solutions used in the field of public catering; to determine the nature of the impact of these solutions on the competitive behavior of restaurants. Comparative analysis, method of analysis and synthesis of information about the restaurant market, methods of analysis of scientific publications, marketing research reports, statistical and expert data were chosen as the methodology of this study. Results: the peculiarities of the transformation of restaurant services in the conditions of digitalization are revealed; the specifics of the use of the most popular competitive strategies of restaurants in Russia at present (the strategy of separation of specialized business, the strategy of a strong integrator) are investigated; the most important types of digital systems used by restaurant businesses to automate management and accounting, to organize interaction with customers and to promote services on the market are identified; an algorithm for analyzing customer experience in the restaurant business is considered; recommendations for improving the efficiency of using digital technologies to strengthen the competitive positions of restaurants in a crisis are proposed.

The relevance of the study lies in the large-scale and progressive impact of the shortage in the semiconductor market on the key industries of modern electronics production. Currently, the production of microchips shows the highest growth rates, the sphere is directly associated with the fourth industrial revolution, so leading manufacturers are actively seeking either to increase market share or to gain leadership altogether. As a result, competition is intensifying both between individual companies and between countries. The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of influence of the shortage of semiconductors on the final cost of goods based on microchips. The main task is to analyze the dependence of the cost of video cards on the cryptocurrency exchange rate, the growth in demand for the extraction of which is one of the factors that influenced the semiconductor crisis. The article analyzes the current state of the semiconductor industry market, describes the key players, manufactured products by type. The chronology of events that led to the shortage of microchips – the main basis for any modern electronics – has been built. The article describes the main affected industries from the crisis in the semiconductor market, analyzes the consequences in quantitative and qualitative terms. Conclusions are drawn about the global role of cryptocurrency mining in the progressive shortage of microchips. In the course of the study, general scientific methods were applied, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, as well as special methods (statistical-economic and econometric analysis). A paired linear regression model is constructed to identify the relationship between the Bitcoin exchange rate and the cost of popular video card models. As a result of the study, the relationship between the cryptocurrency exchange rate and the price of video cards was determined, and the stock index of the semiconductor industry was analyzed.

The article is based on the current practice of researching Russian economic, corporate management and judicial application jurisprudence and reveals the paradox of a positive study of corporate conflict on business development, its social resource and its intra-company regulatory base. The author shows that replicated practices of managing groups of corporate conflicts, highlighting obvious regulatory contradictions or alogisms corresponding to the algorithms, signaling the situation of the rule-making process and the expert community of the need to adjust the relevant rules; corporate conflicts in diversified holdings inevitably lead to random outcomes; a non-destructive option for resolving a corporate conflict allows you to increase the group from “smoldering manifestations” of character strengthening, which are corporate contradictions of co-owners or participants and top managers brought to a high degree of aggravation; shareholder antagonisms demonstrate a pronounced institutional energy and an applied demonstration of the usefulness of peacefulness and compromise in conducting polemics defending their mismatched, including diametrically opposed interests of the co-owners of the company; identified cases of occurrence of cases of cardiovascular disorders, initiated by a weak corporate-legal relationship for the management of a group or set of companies, resulting in their defeat, leading to the identification of positive adjustments in corporate behavior for the control of the party; counteracting corporate conflict among children contributes to the development of methodological and applied foundations for company risk management. An internal corporate conflict in the public mind is a spontaneous, but at the same time objectively justified method of protest, which does not cause chances of victory as such, but conditionally works as a stimulus for the creation of civil-democratic foundations of society.

The subject area of the article is the improvement of the competitive position of a modern Russian university due to such an important component of its image in the educational services market as an organization that effectively counteracts corruption by its own staff. The solution of this problem is provided by the introduction of new technologies implemented by the joint forces of the two headquarters instances represented by the personnel service and the security service. The thesis is argued that the degree of protection from the threat of corruption on the part of both the teaching staff and other officials can be legitimately considered as an additional competitive advantage of any subject of the national higher education or, accordingly, its competitive disadvantage. Possible forms of corruption actions by various categories of employees of an educational institution are specified. Threats to its reputational and property security are determined in case of insufficiently effective counteraction to corruption. The dangers and opportunities associated with the use of various anti-corruption measures already proposed by specialists in the researched field of ensuring personnel security in the field of higher professional education are analyzed. Innovations in personnel work are proposed and argued, which can significantly reduce the likelihood of corrupt actions on the part of teachers and managers of the university. The first of them involves the use of technology based on a collegial approach to assessing the knowledge of the student being examined. The second innovation is aimed at a sharp tightening of control over the “anti-corruption stability” of teachers by the security service of the university. The third innovation applies only to the activities of top managers of the university and their direct subordinates, who are authorized to prepare for the conclusion of any transactions that potentially have a corruption component, and is based on the mechanism of individual bonuses. Finally, the introduction of the fourth innovation should ensure that the faculty members and other university staff are fully aware of the composition of corrupt practices and possible sanctions if they are detected.

The relevance of studying the problem of entrepreneurs leaving their business has increased significantly in recent years due to the fact that under the influence of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, this process has significantly accelerated. Therefore, one of the possible reasons for the termination of entrepreneurial activity starting in 2020 is the negative consequences of the pandemic, along with other possible positive and negative options for leaving the business. The purpose of the study was to assess the opinion of entrepreneurs who have ceased their activities about the reasons for this according to the results of surveys conducted in a number of countries in 2021. The objectives of the study were: formation of a database of initial data reflecting the opinions of retired entrepreneurs about the reasons for this; development of mathematical models describing the distribution of empirical data across different countries; evaluation of the values of indicators characterizing the exit from business for positive reasons, as well as negative reasons related and unrelated to the pandemic. The initial data were the results of a survey of entrepreneurs in 47 countries during the work on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitoring project. An assessment of four indicators characterizing the positive and negative reasons for the termination of their activities by entrepreneurs was carried out. Empirical data modeling based on the development of normal distribution density functions was used to evaluate the indicators. It is proved that the majority (58.1%) of all entrepreneurs who stopped their activities did so for negative reasons, but not related to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is proved that almost a quarter (23.7%) of all entrepreneurs who stopped their business were forced to do so due to the negative consequences of the pandemic. It is shown that only one in six entrepreneurs who stopped their activities had positive reasons for leaving their business in 2021. The obtained results make a significant contribution to the existing knowledge about the reasons for the termination of entrepreneurial activity in modern national economies.

The pandemic situation has exposed the need for employer companies to provide value support to employees. The one of the mechanisms for achieving this may be the integration of a family-friendly policy into the corporate culture of the organization. Embedding such a policy in the social responsibility of business is considered as one of the competitive advantages of the employer’s brand and is especially relevant for key areas of the labor market. However, it should be noted that Russian business is at the beginning of this path. The implementation of such initiatives is not complex and systematic; the tools for creating and implementing such corporate cultures have not been formed. The purpose of the article is to develop proposals for the best employee family-friendly policy in the corporate culture of the organization that contributes to the implementation of value support for employees. To achieve this goal, on the rise of the case of a Siberian company, the task of systematizing the measures of the corporate demographic policy of the organization and analyzing its corporate culture based on a high policy focused on the family of employees is being solved. Based on the data obtained, a model for integrating family-friendly policies into the corporate culture of the organization. The authors develop specific measures that can be implemented at two levels of corporate culture – the level of cultural artifacts and the level of organizational values. It seems that the implementation of the developed model will lead to a more systematic and comprehensive nature of the implementation of the family-friendly policy in a particular Siberian organization, will strengthen its competitive advantages, and will also contribute to the replication of this aspect of social responsibility in Russian business.