Journal archive
The issues of entrepreneurship education |
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The purpose of this article is to consider the key directions and prerequisites for the development
of innovative small enterprises in the conditions of institutional transformations of the regional
economy, since this sector of the economy is the catalyst for sustainable economic development
and anti-crisis support of the Russian economy. The main goal of the article is to analyze the state of
small and medium-sized business in the Russian Federation, determine its competitive advantages
in the constantly changing economic conditions, factors and trends in the formation and innovative
development of small enterprises. The article considers a complex of state measures to support
this sector of the economy, and directions for the formation of an entrepreneurial ecosystem are
determined. Also analyzed are the mechanisms of public-private partnership and clustering, the
need to implement private cluster initiatives. A set of measures was developed to develop the cluster
initiative and enhance the innovative development of the region. All these measures will allow small
and medium-sized enterprises to introduce innovations and preserve the innovative activity of large
business structures.
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This article continues the series of publications devoted to the study of entrepreneurial curricula at
Russian universities and their impact on the formation of the small and medium business sector in our
country. A study of entrepreneurial curricula at the graduate level has been carried out. In general,
our analysis shows the underdevelopment of entrepreneurial education at the graduate level in Russian
universities. Also, our data confirm the existence of a significant gap between the attempts of
entrepreneurial activities of the universities and the content of the graduate curricula they implement.
Among the results of the our research, we can note that the master’s curricula in entrepreneurial
education is potentially the most perspective and in demand for solving the problems of regional
development. Analysis of the programs for the development of «basic» universities, a new group of
Russian universities formed to support the development of territories, shows that most universities
recognize their challenges and activities in this area, however, the level of existing practices does not
yet allow us to speak about the sustainability of the process of creating new master’s curricula in entrepreneurship.
A significant methodological and content limitation of the formation of master’s curricula
in entrepreneurship is the unresolved issues of the correlation between hard and soft skills, future skills
in the system of graduate education. The professional community has not yet developed approaches
to the development of curricula, teaching technologies that meet the modern demands in entrepreneurial
education. There are the lack of discussion platforms on these topics, discussions are mostly
concentrated in several universities and the Russian Association for Entrepreneurship Education.
The question of taking into account the educational results obtained in other universities and types
of entrepreneurship curricula, in particular on the Master of Business Administration (MBA) programmes,
remains a difficult issue. Coinciding for a large part of the content, requirements and learning
outcomes, they are in different «weight» categories and are difficult to integrate, contrary to common
sense. It seems to us that the existing approaches to the financing of the graduate programmes
practically do not give a chance to create educational products of the required quality. If there is no
drastic change in funding standards, the set of graduate programs will for the most part remain slightly
improved undergraduate programs, including in the graduate level of entrepreneurial education.
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The article analyzes the traditional and modern technologies of personnel selection used in Russian
organizations. Its content solves the problem of substantiating the need to implement psychological
selection of applicants for employment along with functional selection. The article gives
examples of different types of interviews used in the selection of candidates during recruitment.
The paper presents the technology of psychological selection through the use of semi-standard
metaprogram interview, which is considered as a way to assess the socio-personal competencies
of the applicant, the peculiarities of his motivation and decision-making. The article considers the
most relevant types of patterns of thinking (metaprograms), diagnosed in the course of the interview:
«mode of reference», «the desire — avoidance», «activity — reflexivity», «common — private»,
«single — manager — team player»; examples of diagnostic questions aimed at identifying relevant
metaprograms based on linguistic analysis of the speech statements of the interviewee.
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The article reveals the main topics discussed at the annual international conference «Modern
Entrepreneurial Education», organized jointly by the National Association for Entrepreneurship Education
(RUAEE) and the Russian Academy of Education.
The author consistently describes main activities of the two-day conference and reveals the themes
and plots of main reports made at scientific sections. The conference discussed following key issues:
entrepreneurial education in higher education, entrepreneurial education in secondary vocational
education, Russian and international educational entrepreneurship programs, entrepreneurial
education ecosystem, popularization of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial education.
It is not possible to describe all events and sections at conference equally profoundly. Therefore,
author chooses most interesting reports and events that are of a fundamental nature and can become
key for further development of Russian sphere of entrepreneurship education.
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Digital technology is a unique phenomenon that has completely changed the way of life of every
inhabitant of the planet and influenced the emergence of the digital economy in recent decades.
The digital economy is an economy characterized by the maximum satisfaction of all its participants
through the use of information, including personal information. The digital economy has had
an impact not only on all spheres of human activity, but the ways of doing business, which include
services for the provision of online services, e-payments, e-Commerce, crowdfunding, e-trade, etc.
Digital transformation has an impact on the emergence of new professions, and, consequently,
the emergence of new knowledge and competences, which should be taken by people living in
conditions of digital economy. Gref called them-t-leaders. The main objectives of the digital transformation
are to increase the speed of decision-making, increase the variability of processes depending
on the needs and characteristics of the client, reducing the number of employees involved
in the process. For the successful development of the digital economy, the system of education and
retraining should provide the economy with specialists that meet the requirements of the digital era.
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Industry market |
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The article reveals the terminological definition and essential features of the competitive environment.
The purpose of the article is to justify that the educational environment of modern professional
education is competitive. To prove this thesis, author reveals the historical and chronological context
of the development of professional education environment in Europe and the USA, and describes
the current state of competitive environment for professional education. Author comes to the conclusion
that denial of competitive nature of educational environment in planning and implementing
measures of government support for professional education leads to negative consequences for
the entire system of professional education.
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The article represents a research on LNG contracts evolution: starting with reasons behind persistent
dominance of long-term contracts, followed by the analysis of their current transformation,
possible future development and the role of such processes in forming global gas market and turning
LNG into traded commodity — the two key powers of enhancing competitiveness. High level of
specialization and the cost of LNG infrastructure determined the key features of contract relations
during the first years of the LNG sector more than 50 years ago. With few buyers and sellers, back
in that day trade based on short-term basis, would have created substantial risks for both parties.
Thus, for the purposes of mitigating those risks and market uncertainty and facilitating efficient trade
long-term contracts were the most suitable option. But as the sector developed such contracts lost
their ability to reflect changes in market fundamental adequately and sufficiently restricted LNG`s
ability to compete with other energy sources. Different external shocks, with which the global energy
markets recent turbulent environment bustles, increase and diversification of demand and supply,
and possible oversupply, disadvantages of existing pricing system, technological innovation and
even excessive growth of LNG fleet contributed in active development of short-term and spot trade
and consequently the market globalization process. Long-term contracts will hardly become extinct
but will definitely undergo substantial changes. Historical antecedents from other energy markets
(oil in 1970 – 1980, US gas in the late 1990s) prove the conclusions of the long-term outcomes of the
current transformation and their role in forming a liquid market and increasing LNG`s competitiveness.
There is still a long way ahead for the gas market to become global and the LNG sector, the
main driving force of the globalization will undergo a cobweb process of finding the most optimal
and efficient form of contractual relations. But these are the transformations critically boosting LNG`s
power to compete within the energy sector.
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In Russia in the 90‑ies of XX century in the markets of alcoholic beverages, tobacco products, gambling,
the system of competition through deregulation, de-monopolization and liberalization of economic
activities were created without taking into account the specificity of these goods, theoretical assumptions,
practice and experience of Scandinavian countries, similar with our country in consumption
patterns. With an increase of the crisis phenomena in economy the Russian government turns for replenishment
to the markets of addictive goods, which could happen at the current stage. The publication
presents the actual competitive characteristics of markets for addictive goods, the main scenarios
of institutional regulation of these markets and factors of their implementation. The market of alcohol
products is a market of monopolistic competition. The specificity of the competitive conditions on the
market of tobacco products and energy drinks market can attribute them to oligopolistic. Government
controlled gambling markets within the borders of the gambling zones, as well as licensed games in
bookmaker offices and the totes, are regulated by oligopolies. On the black market the gambling institutions
continue their activity with the possibility to concentrate into a monopoly. The drug market works
under following conditions: the official state ban; strict state monopoly on the cultivation of narcotic
plants for use in scientific, educational purposes, in expert and other legitimate activities; the shadow
monopoly structures in the form of cartels, syndicates or multi-purpose organized criminal groups. The
field of institutional changes on the market of addictive goods is determined within the framework of
the inertial, modernizational, state-monopolistic and prohibitionist scenarios, which saving factors are
political, economic, social, foreign, emergency ones, their impact is different in the markets of alcohol
products, tobacco products, electronic cigarettes, gambling games, energy drinks, drugs.
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The article is devoted to the research of the state of competition on the market of construction risks’
insurance in Russia. In the countries with the developed market economy the competition exists not
only between the commercial insurance organizations, but also between commercial and mutual
organizations that act on the mentioned market. The article examines the possibilities of the development
of the competition on the Russian market of construction risks’ insurance that are connected
with the appearance of the special mutual insurance organizations. In the construction field that is
one of the most capital-intensive industry the great importance is always attached to the measures
intended to the optimization of the different risks that can potentially lead to the great amount of
damage. It’s quite difficult to name all the risks which appear during the realization of the construction
project. Construction organization faces with the risks of harm to life and health, entrepreneurial,
financial, commercial, innovation, ecological risks. The main amount of risks of construction project
accounts for the construction risks. These risks exist on all stages of the construction project: preproject
phase; project phase; construction stage; operation stage. Construction risks cover a wide
range of risks connected with the realization of construction project. In the strict sense construction
risks are technical risks. In a broad sense construction risks include not only technical ones but also
risks of liability of construction organizations for causing harm to life, health and property of the third
parties during the realization of construction. Also construction risks include risks connected with
the poor-quality execution of the contract. The article provides a sense of importance of the mutual
insurance for developing of the competition in order for the creation of the complete protection of
the property risks for all the participants that take part in the construction.
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The paper focuses on the authors’ views on the relevance of the state intervention the need for
state intervention and regulation in the sport sector. Whereas modern sport is not only a social but
also an economic phenomenon, its development, affects the interests of all socio-economic groups.
To answer the question whether the state regulation in sport and in the sports industry is needed,
the authors conducted a number of studies: comparative (other countries’ experience has been
studied), economics and statistics (the analysis of statistical information has been carried out) and
empirical (a public-opinion poll has been held). Drawing on the example of auto racing the features
of the interaction between the public and private entities in the sports industry are demonstrated.
The paper justifies the need of the state intervention in sports organizations performance by reference
to the definitions of sport as business and physical activity and culture.
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The mechanism implemented in the educational activities of innovative conceptual clustering
model of creating research and entrepreneurial University. Are the results of the analysis of the
applicability of the conceptual ideas, providing formation and competitive development of the private
higher education institution that implements this model. Theoretical study of education services
market highlighted several sub-levels organization knowledge: theoretical models and laws,
as theories of limited scope; developed scientific theories, which include private theoretical laws as
a consequence. This methodology proposed construction and development of competitive clusters
in the field of education. The research model is the theory of competitive clusters f. Kotler, adapted
to education. It is proved that the competition process research and educational cluster is the most
significant and successful because it combines educational motivation to good research practice.
Proposed conceptual vision of formation and development of regional Interuniversity education as
research and educational cluster. Introduced the concept of «paradigm of research and educational
cluster», which is a competitive regional cluster of educational institutions, which can include both
domestic and foreign universities. Innovation cluster is grounded structure of market competition
in the field of education, which is based on an open and long-term cooperation of University other
subjects macro, microenvironments educational, and other sectoral markets.
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Competitiveness of business |
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The problem of analysis and estimation the competitiveness of companies with the use of integral
rating is particularly relevant in context of development the information technologies and communications
using Internet. Business expansion becomes possible only under condition of introduction the
new technologies, which requires company’s additional investment resources. Rating of companies is
important factor in the question of attracting the investment. The purpose of article is development of
methodology and tools for building integral rating of competitiveness the companies on basis of hierarchical
approach to ranking important indicators of their financial activities. In the computational experiments
was constructed integral rating of several leading companies in Russia according to following
criteria: volume of realization, growth of volume of realization of production to last year, net profit. Fulfilled
comparison the integral rating of author’s approach to integrated rating obtained ratings of most
popular rating agencies. Was calculated the structure of investment portfolio using minimax approach
and integral rating. Method of using integral rating as tool of investment portfolio formation based at
minimax model is proposed. In contrast to known methods of building the integral ranking, author’s
approach gives opportunity to obtain detailed and objective rating of current state and prospects of
competitive development of business without need for additional research on estimation of weighting
coefficients used in analysis of indicators. According to author, proposed approach is advisable to
apply for making investment decisions, for evaluating prospects for development of critical industries
of economy, in programs of management the competitiveness of Russian companies.
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The new generation of employees, the instability of the external and internal environment and many
other factors force companies to look for new tools in order to achieve the goals in the work with the
staff. And one of these tools is the active use of gamification in the process of HR -management.
The purpose of this work is to study the features of the use of gaming technologies in the human resource
management in modern Russian enterprises. The main research objective is to determine the
competitive advantages that the company obtained using gamification technology in HR-practices.
This article discusses as gamification notion newly introduced in Russia. The theoretical and applied
problems of this definition are investigated. The analysis and systematization of the practice of using
gaming technologies in the field of HR-management by Russian and foreign companies was
conducted. Based on the data obtained the most popular ways of using gamification technology
were determined in the companies using the Russian system of personnel management. The paper
outlines the advantages and disadvantages of using various elements of gaming technologies implemented
into key HR-directions. It is shown that gamification elements can be applied in solving most
of the tasks of the HR-departments of modern companies: recruitment and adaptation, training, material
and immaterial motivation, involvement, corporate culture, personnel assessment and career
development. The study enables to define competitive advantages of the companies using gamification
technology in the human resource management. Among the main advantages can be named:
increasing involvement and loyalty of employees to the company, reducing recruiting and starting
costs in the process of searching, selecting and adopting of new employees, optimization of staff
training costs, reducing employee turnover and corporate spirit improvement within the organization.
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