Journal archive
Competition policy |
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Electricity tariffs are subject to government regulation. Consequently, strict adherence to the bodies
regulating this type of regulatory documentation activities in the formation of tariffs is a key factor.
For example, the calculation of flat-rate tariff for the supply of electric energy, approved in 2010.
Republican Tariff Service of the Republic of Mari El, did not meet the requirements of the Guidelines
for the calculation of regulated tariffs and prices for electric (thermal) energy in the retail (consumer)
market and result order establishing the tariff was canceled in court.
This fact was the basis for the treatment of some industrial enterprises of the Republic with a claim
to the arbitration court for the recovery of unjust enrichment. During the proceedings the court appointed
expertise.
This article reveals the results of the judicial review conducted by the author. The result of the study
are the findings by expert calculation of regulated tariffs for electricity supplied «to other consumers
of «Marienergosbyt», is calculated as the contractual energy supply and sale of electric energy.
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Federal law No. 44‑FZ of 5 April 2013 «On the contract system in procurement of goods, works,
services for state and municipal needs» provided for use by customers two standard auctions —
first-price sealed-bid auction (presented in the form of request of quotations, open contest & request
of proposals), as well as an English auction (presented in the form of electronic auction). The former
Federal law of 21.07.2005 № 94‑FZ «About placing of orders for deliveries of goods, performance
of works, rendering of services for state and municipal needs» was allocated a similar standard
auctions. The request for quotations is one of the most popular ways of purchasing goods for state
and municipal needs in Russia. In 2014 the state customers conducted more than 306 thousand
requests for quotation that exceeded 20.7 percent of all competitive procurement procedures.
Statistics on public procurement of Russia for the last 4 years showed that the first-price sealedbid
auction in almost all cases is more profitable than the English auction. However, the request for
quotations retains one very significant disadvantage associated with the inability of the revaluation
of the contract during the procurement procedures. In the paper, the author proposes the model of
a hybrid auction that combines two first-price sealed-bid. The auction rules are closer to the rules
of the English auction, however the secrecy of winning bid in each round of the auction promotes
competition. The auction winner is the participant who has offered the lowest price for executing
the contract in the final stage, as well as in the first or second stage. Thus, for victory in the auction
the participant will need to win at least two stages, that will ensure the interest of the participants
in revealing of real values, and thus will not reduce the number of participants. A new method for
determining the winner in the auction allows to abandon discrimination in access to the next stages
of the hybrid auction.
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The purpose of the study was to develop an institutional framework of cooperation between the
state, competition and antitrust policy. The solution of the problem of sustainability of positive changes
in the dynamics and structure of economic development is provided in the world practice a balanced
impact on both market mechanisms and the mechanism of regulating influence of the state.
The article shows that the synergy of the functions of state bodies and functions of competition as
a market mechanism in the long term determines the model of development management of the
reproductive process. Similar to the format of the management model according to the new solves
the issues of borders growth and structural shifts, and transfers the problem from the limited sphere
of opportunities of one state or only market in the field of creative synergies emerging new economic
partnership. The formation of the institutional prerequisites for overcoming the dysfunctions of public
administration in the sphere of anti-monopoly activities and competitive relationships should be systemic
and linked to measures to overcome the dysfunction at a higher hierarchical level of control.
The results of the analysis, conclusions and recommendations can be used in further researches of
the problems of interrelation between the state, competition and antitrust policy.
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The theory of competition |
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The study shows the role of the A. Smith’ study in the development of the competitive performance
mechanism of industrial organization. We found out and presented three key pushing elements of
the mechanism: competitiveness, competitive framework and final result of competition. In theoretical
part we proposed and described the difference of main definition around term of economic competition
(perfect market, competitive, competitiveness, cooperation, emulation, contest, contention,
rivalry). They have been combined in a set of nine key models of competitive performance, justified
by its degree of personalization, frequency of exchange operations and classified in terms of game
theory (cooperative, non-cooperative) and the main theoretical models of competition: ‘Possession’
and ’Ttitle’ (by MacCallum), ‘Discovery Procedure’ (by Hayek).
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Competitiveness of business |
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The paper proposes a cognitive approach for the analysis of brand equity. It is assumed that the
brand is an intangible asset, forming long-term effects of the business strategies of the company.
The study does not attempt to select a specific set of measurer’s, which is solved in detail by many
authors (Aaker, 1991, Wood 2006, Pitta, Katsanis, 1995, Burmann, Jost-Benz, Riley, 2009 Andreeva,
Prokofiev, 2010 Tretyak 2001, Muravskiy et al., 2012 et al.). The purpose of research — to assess the
relationship of brand equity with its individual measurer’s. The main tools of analysis is a favor model
represented a weighted directed graph. It describes how to build a model based on an assessment
of the adjacency matrix of a directed graph. Baseline data for evaluation were formed on the basis of
the analysis of surveys of IT-products market experts (manufacturers, retailers, installers — the people
responsible for the implementation of the final decision). The constructed model was calibrated
and tested by comparing the valuation of brands of companies such as Hewlett Packard and IBM.
Results were compared with the data promulgated by the company Interbrand. The results indicate
that the proposed technical approach can be used for a comprehensive assessment of brand equity
and its individual components — indicators of the perception of consumers and market indicators.
Herewith indicators can be elaborated taking into account the peculiarities of the markets and the
detail of consumer preferences.
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This paper analyzes the main indicators of innovation activity in the Novosibirsk region. We consider
such factors as the rating of innovation activity, the volume of innovative products, works and
services, the number of personnel engaged in research and development in the Russian Federation,
Siberian district and the Novosibirsk region, the cost of organizations’ technological innovation by
type of innovation activity in the Russian Federation, Siberian district and the Novosibirsk Region.
The basic directions of innovation activity development were discovered, the pace of this development
should be recognized as a positive, but not sufficient to accelerate the transition to the sixth
techno-economic paradigm and preparing the conditions for the formation of the seventh technoeconomic
paradigm.
The main priorities for the Novosibirsk region, development of which will increase the proportion
of organizations that develop and introduce new technologies, corresponding of the sixth technoeconomic
paradigm, were considered.
An attempt was made to assess the requirements and features of the formation of indicators of
innovation activity corresponding formation of the seventh techno-economic paradigm. A number
of indicators was offered to assess the conditions for the development of the sixth techno-economic
paradigm and the formation of conditions for transition to the seventh techno-economic paradigm,
such as the socially significant innovation.
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The article analyzes the interdisciplinary set of theoretical researches of «multisided platforms»,
which are characterized as relevant and paradoxical object of economic and management studies,
enjoying scientific interest.
Taking into account the latest scientific publications, both Russian and foreign scientists, in this
work Theory of platform economy is revealed as a set of interrelated theoretical concepts that explain
the operation of the platform business
The author, describing the development of a «two-sided market» concept, and pointing to the
basic meanings of the concept of «platform», that terminologicaly separates «multisided platform»
and «two-sided markets.
The paper argued the relevance and significance of the study of multisided platforms in light
of long history of economic marketplaces functioning.
Paper describes logic of development of scientific thoughts, which ensured popularity of multisided
platforms in recent years; offers the lists of the multisided platforms functions.
The paper describes the strategic differences between product-business model and platformbusiness
model of firm. Here problematized the fact, that in collaborative economy the boundaries
of economic exchange that takes place in collaborative economy are.
Further, the multisided platforms are described with a concept of complementary goods. The article
describes the fundamentals of strategic management of multisided platforms.
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In the situation of resources limitation, which the Russian economy has been facing with in the
recent years, it is important to set the priorities and define the factors that influence on the way investments
are made into the resources of firms. The study is directed at the explanation of choosing
an investment model of different kinds of resources in Russian companies. To justify the choice of
a model the authors offer to use the control criteria over the resources, determined by a bungle of
property rights of an investor. Clarifying the economical category ‘resources’ from the position of the
resource-based view and relational view let the authors distinguish 2 models of attracting resources:
the model, focused on the acquisition of assets, and the model, focused on the temporary mobilization
of resources available in the network or market. In the course of critical comprehension of
choosing this or that model the three groups of factors were defined. The global changes of conditions
and factors of business operation belong to the first group. The second group is connected to
the specifics of institutional environment of Russian business. The third group of factors is defined
by the properties of the resources themselves, the advisability of investing into them in conditions
of a certain institutional environment. The systematic assessment of all factors let the authors to
make a conclusion that the global trend is businesses switching to the model, focused on temporary
mobilization of resources available in the network. This fact is due the ratio of transactional and
transformational costs while obtaining property rights for a resource.
The influence of the Russian institutional environment led to the use of an intermediate resource
investment model by firms. This model is based on the hybrid mode of a business structure characterized
by strict barriers and institutional mechanisms of coordination. Investors choose tangible
and relational assets as an investment object and they are not willing to invest into human capital
and organizational resources. The authors made the conclusion the use of this strategy of attracting
resources is not effective for the Russian economy in the long run.
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