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M&A decisions are vital for long-term development of emerging market companies. Existing research pays little attention to studying structure of synergy and valuation of synergy in M&A deals, initiated by private companies. Therefore, there are no inclusive methods exist to analyze different components of financial and operating synergy. This article aims to systematize existing literature about synergy and validate theoretical model suitable for synergy valuation in M&A deals in Russia. We also test several empirical hypotheses about synergy structure during growth and crisis periods on Russian M&A market. In the introductory part of the article we discuss concept of synergy in M&A deals and types of synergy. In the second part we review academic literature related to valuation of different components of operating and financial synergy. In the third part we develop inclusive valuation method for five components of synergy. We formulate hypotheses and discuss data sample in part four. In part five we test hypotheses on empirical data using our model and discuss significant results. This article may be useful for company management and investment analysis to estimate value of prospective M&A deals.

The paper analyzes oligopolistic competition in a market for a differentiated product. A comparative analysis of competition models by Cournot (output competition) and Bertrand (price competition) under prerequisites put forward by the authors shows that under Bertrand competition the price level will be lower. Whereas interrelation between firms output and profit is ambiguous (if goods produced are substitutes), and depend, other things being equal, on the attractiveness of the good offered by the firm. The results obtained are illustrated using Russia’s automotive market review. In particular, an attempt is made to classify some decisions made by car producers as the one or the other competition strategy analyzed in the theoretical part of the paper.

The article describes the main topics and narratives, discussed at the Third Annual International Conference «Competency Based Entrepreneurship Education at Universities and Colleges» organized jointly by the National Association for Entrepreneurship Education (RUAEE) and the Center for Entrepreneurship. 

The Russian project has more difficulties with the search of a good mentor than investments. There is a small quantity of successful entrepreneurs, who built their own business and are ready to share their experience not only through the TV, but directly with a certain project team. 

The article considers the foreign experience of mentor and project team cooperation, identifies the main areas and features of this cooperation. A survey among the residents of the Nizhny Novgorod Innovation Business Incubator revealed the pricipal characteristics of a mentor and criteria the mentor has to match. The author developed an algorithm of forming a mentoring pool that includes five main steps. The offered algorithm may have a positive impact on the innovation projects development process and improve the innovation projects incubation process, solving following problems: 

1. a lack of a necessary expertise of a project team. 

2. а little experience of a project team in the sphere of promoting their own business and producing goods and services. 

3. a lack of necessary contacts for promoting the project. 

The article is devoted to conceptual and methodological approaches to forming of labour potential of the worker. Implemented the objectives of the study are: the analysis of theoretical bases of employees potential forming and elaboration of the author’s vision in its concept and structure; the study and identification of structuring and consistency principles during the formation of the economic indicators system of the labor potential; development of a employees potential indicators system and identify the key competencies provided by its components; determination of competitive advantages of Russian freelancers on the basis of their employment potential. Labor potential employees — the ability to use the resources of workers with the highest synergetic effect for human capital accumulation. In its structure the author identifies components: natural- demographic, socio-personal, educational-qualification, networking, innovative-entrepreneurial, conditions of social and labor relations. The maximum value level of each component provides competencies, and, consequently, allows them to be competitive in the labour market. The results of the research proved that the components of the freelancers labor potential that form them highly competitive, were: educational qualification; networking; innovation- entrepreneurial. The effectiveness of the labour potential workers use depends on the interaction of all economic agents, its capacity allows to raise competitiveness of labour resources.

The paper proposes the typology of IT innovations and competitive advantages, created by them, in the context high-tech IT innovations spreading in traditional industries. The typology of IT innovations and competitive advantages, created by them, is proposed according to the criteria of function and area of application of IT innovation. By function criteria IT innovation are divided on «information bridge» and basis for technical innovation. By application areas criteria IT innovation are divided on three types: within the firm; in sectoral / cross-sectoral cooperation; in interaction with state agencies. Thus all ways of cross-sectoral spread of IT innovation divided for 6 patterns. Each of the 6 patterns disclosed in the specific examples. The author examines several cases, describing different mechanisms of cross-sectoral spread of IT innovations, that confirms proposed typology and, at the same time, provide a more realistic, multi-dimensional picture of each pattern.