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This article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of corporate governance development in Russia in the current geopolitical situation. Currently, there is a certain dissonance in the trajectories of the development of the world and Russian economies in terms of their ESG transformation. If in the international economic space ESG factors of development are in the first place when making decisions about investing in projects and securities, then in Russian reality these factors do not find such interest from investors. In addition, one of the constituent factors of ESG transformation – corporate governance (G) – is undergoing significant changes in terms of regulatory regulation and practical use in Russia as part of the anti-sanctions policy. The impact of changes in Russian regulatory documents regarding the operation of corporate governance principles on changes in business value is analyzed. Proposals are made on the amendments to regulatory documents to mitigate their negative impact on the growth of business value. The aim of the research is to analyze legislative changes in the field of corporate governance in Russia and the impact of these changes on the formation of the business value of Russian companies. The objective of the research is to identify the factors influencing the change in the value of the business as a result of the adopted changes in the regulatory framework in the field of corporate governance in Russia. The research is based on a general scientific methodology involving the use of methods of systematic and comparative analysis, analysis and synthesis, methods and approaches of evaluation activities. Changes in regulatory documents in the area of corporate governance affect all seven principles of corporate governance under the Code of the Bank of Russia. These changes have both a positive and negative impact on the stock price and the value of the business. The article provides suggestions for leveling the negative impact of changes in regulatory documents in the field of corporate governance on the value of business.

The article presents the author’s vision of supplier relationship management in the logistics system of a trade organization to ensure competitive advantages. Supplier selection is an actual and important stage in the implementation of procurement management functions. Effective management of this aspect of activity contributes to the establishment of ways of interaction with companies that provide logistics to the organization. Finding suitable suppliers and establishing long-term relationships with them can help companies provide customers with quality products and services at competitive prices and without interruption. The “right” suppliers will reduce the risks associated with instability in the supply chain. The authors have given a new interpretation of the term “Supplier relationship Management”. Supplier relationship management is decision-making to improve the ways of interaction in the procurement process between counterparties of trade and logistics activities. At the same time, the authors consider the effectiveness of interaction with suppliers in the procurement process as an internal competitive advantage. In addition, the authors identified the connection, commonality and difference between the concepts of “value chain” and “supply chain”. The work analyzed the stages of the procurement process, identified problems in the organization of procurement management. The results of the study and the proposed recommendations can serve as a basis for improving the organization and management of logistics, procurement activities of a trade organization to ensure competitive advantages. New parameters for determining the order of purchases, criteria for evaluating the supplier, and effective work on his choice will reduce costs, save on reducing the number of defects, etc. Research results: criteria have been developed according to which it is necessary to take into account: price, supply discipline, quality, payment terms, territorial remoteness, cooperation experience, satisfaction of complaints, order execution time; the algorithm of interaction between supplier and consumer in the supplier relationship management system is presented; new parameters for determining the procurement procedure and supplier evaluation criteria are defined.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the topic of marketplaces in the context of the dynamic development of online commerce and increased interest from consumers and businesses in this business model, because currently marketplaces are becoming increasingly popular for both sellers and buyers, due to their convenience, wide range and availability of goods and services. The article substantiates the relevance of this research related to the growing popularity of marketplaces and their importance for e-commerce. The authors draw attention to the advantages and limitations of the marketplace business model, providing an analytical justification of their significance and potential for businesses, and the authors also make judgments on how businesses can effectively use marketplaces in their sales strategies, as well as on the role of marketplaces in the modern economy and society. Judgments based on data analysis and the experience of other companies are given, which will help businesses better understand the features of marketplaces and develop effective sales strategies. The purpose of the study is to investigate the advantages and limitations of the marketplace business model, as well as to provide practical recommendations for businesses seeking to successfully join marketplaces. It is noted that the study has a novelty and presents new research findings that contribute to the academic community and the practical field of business. Based on the analysis of the research data, judgments are made about the importance of marketplaces for various spheres of business, economy and society as a whole. Thus, the article provides valuable information about marketplaces, their advantages and limitations, as well as offers recommendations for businesses, the academic community and regulatory authorities, contributing to the development of this business model and improving the efficiency of online trading.

The spread of globalization, and then the pandemic associated with COVID19, the beginning of ITS led to the need to revise the landscape of competition in national and global markets. The focus of researchers’ attention has shifted from the competitive interaction of individual firms to the rivalry between supply chains. Therefore, it is necessary to determine which structure of the supply chain is the most preferable for each of its participants. The article examines the economic behavior of a focus firm in relation to other participants in the supply chain. Three situations are analyzed. The first involves the fully autonomous functioning of all participants in the chain. The second is that the dominant firm integrates with the seller (integration forward), and the third – with the supplier (integration backward). The paper evaluates the strategies of a focus firm in the supply chain based on profit analysis. A formalized model is proposed that allows analyzing the incentives for the integration of a focus firm with other participants in various variants of the chain organization and assessing the conditions in which the supplier and the end seller will be motivated to cooperate. The value of the profit of the supplier and seller is also analyzed, representing the extreme links of the chain in the case when they will be more inclined to autonomous functioning. The methodological basis of the research is a combination of the paradigm of the theory of industrial markets, economic theory and supply chain management. The scientific novelty of the research is an original approach to considering the supply chain as a system focused on the market function of demand, i.e. the activities of all participants in the chain are configured to produce and sell such a volume of goods for which demand is presented. The supply chain is also considered from the perspective of optimizing its structure and motivating partners to cooperate based on an analysis of the profits of each participant. The proposed approach allows us to compare the results of the functioning of firms in the supply chain from the standpoint of the theory of industry markets and economic theory, which goes beyond logistics or strategic management.

In a rapidly changing digital environment, companies face the challenge of quickly and efficiently developing economic solutions. Making effective economic decisions directly affects the competitiveness of the company in the market. This article raises the problem of assessing the efficiency of an enterprise’s economic activity associated with the study and elaboration of a large amount of data. Working with a large array of data and then analyzing them allows companies to get a detailed idea of how their business functions and what factors can influence its success. This approach is based on the use of mathematical and statistical methods, as well as on the use of special software tools that allow you to efficiently process and analyze large amounts of data. At the same time, the results of data analysis can be presented in the form of graphical reports that help to make more informed decisions based on the facts of the dynamics of development and contribute to improving the economic efficiency of the company. A graphical report refers to the presentation of data in a visual format with the designation of medians and exceptions. In this article, the methods of system analysis and synthesis, the method of induction, content analysis of scientific literature and statistical reviews on the subject under study were applied. With the development of the process of digitalization of the organization’s activities, data analysis has become simply a necessary tool in the process of developing and making cost-effective decisions. In the article, the authors substantiate the strategic importance of the use of data analysis in economics, entrepreneurship and business.

The paper considers the general doctrine of organization – A. Bogdanov’s Tectology from the standpoint of modern theories of management, entrepreneurship and competition. A. Bogdanov’s views on entrepreneurship, competition, and the source of economic initiative are studied. The author of the article tries to answer the question of how A. Bogdanov treated organizational principles in market processes, transactional relations between economic entities. The author tries to understand exactly how A. Bogdanov understood entrepreneurship and competition. For these purposes, a contextual and formal-logical content analysis of the text of A. Bogdanov’s Tectology was carried out on the key terms “entrepreneurship”, “competition”, “initiative”. The views of A. Bogdanov are compared with the modern views of representatives of the neo-Austrian economic school, the positions of scientists in the field of the theory of entrepreneurship and competition. The author comes to the conclusion that A. Bogdanov, following K. Marx, did not distinguish between the socio-economic roles and statuses of an entrepreneur and business owners, generalizing them into a single class – the bourgeoisie. The figure of an entrepreneur (individual, serial, intracompany, social) carries a threat to the very idea of the class organization of society, since an entrepreneur can belong to any class: the bourgeoisie, the peasantry, the technical intelligentsia, or the proletariat. A. Bogdanov refers the entrepreneur to the bourgeoisie, the ruling class from which organizational activity passes to the lower classes. The author of the article comes to interesting conclusions when analyzing the use of the term “competition” by A. Bogdanov. In our opinion, A. Bogdanov generally denied the term “competition” in the semantic core of the concept, arguing that this term is used in different, unrelated senses in different industries and spheres of human activity.

This work is devoted to the concept of partnership in the interpretation of A. A. Bogdanov. We are talking about comradely principles in the socio-economic system, that is, about comradely relations, a comradely organization, a comradely collective, a comradely society. The author makes an attempt to highlight the distinctive features and signs of “partnership”, so that in the future, with the help of these signs, it would be possible to select and consider specific forms of organizational relations on a comradely basis, as well as to conduct a comparative analysis of these forms of comradely organization of the economy Using examples of specific business units. The object of the study was the organization and structure of primary production processes, independent management. We are talking only about partnerships engaged in simple forms of production labor, the primary production process, about those subsidiary configurations for which the sign of the notorious “friendliness” is supposedly a key social criterion. The following forms of comradely economic relations are consistently considered in the work: Old Believer farms, monastic (temple) farms, Cossack communities, peasant farms, volunteer movement, as well as formal and informal associations of citizens engaged in creative practice in the field of folk art crafts and local associations “on interests”, and family business associations that legally exploit the statute of the subject of relations of taxation of professional activity (self-employment). The authors draw conclusions about the reason for the stability of the functioning of economic partnerships, which lies in the fact that economic practice is influenced by social institutions: the original way of life, religious beliefs, professional hobbies, high citizenship, blood ties, labor collectives that ensure friendly relations. “Friendly principles” are more typical of forms of organization, which are subsidiary configurations of management of the primary link of production, in contrast to the joint-stock form of organization of social production – a combination of labor law and entrepreneurial relations with the motivation of survival and enrichment.

The problem of studying the space of states in modeling socio-economic systems is considered, the basis of which is the concept of “movable equilibrium”, introduced for the first time by A. A. Bogdanov. It is proposed to apply the laws of systems theory for studying the problem of managing the state of movable equilibrium in society. The article was initiated by an important result obtained by G. B. Kleiner on the basis of understanding the ideas of A. A. Bogdanov, published in the issue 2 of the “Journal of Modern Competition” of 2023, in which the concept of A. A. Bogdanov’s space as a union of the spaces of Aristotle, I. Newton, A. Einstein and V. I. Vernadsky was proposed, which made it possible to substantiate the features of the space of A. A. Bogdanov, to connect the types of spaces with sections of the economy and to obtain a model that determines the functions of the basic subsystems of the complex (tetrad) from the object, environment, process and design component in the economic space. This important result prompted the authors to rethink the works in the field of understanding and application of the concept of “space”, since the problem of determining the state space arises in the formulation of almost any problem, especially in complicated systems. This article provides a brief analysis of the fundamental features of the definition of space in the works of different periods of the development of science. The concept of “state of movable equilibrium”, introduced by A. A. Bogdanov and studied by L. von Bertalanffy, is characterized. The article discusses the ideas of searching for forms and methods of explaining and implementing the state of movable equilibrium in A. A. Bogdanov’s “Tectology”, in his articles and science fiction novels, searching for a type of social system, a way of managing society and the state based on ensuring social justice, “on consciously comradely beginnings” according to A. A. Bogdanov, through the necessary transformation of man and society. Based on the ideas of A. A. Bogdanov on the need to create a society in which the relationship of people to nature and to each other is determined by the norms of scientific expediency, the article proposes the idea of using the laws of systems theory to study the problem of controling the state of movable equilibrium in society, and provides examples of research demonstrating the usefulness of this idea. It is concluded that in the context of the introduction of innovative technologies and artificial intelligence systems, it is becoming increasingly clear that knowledge of the features and patterns of the life of open systems with active elements is necessary not only for those who are directly involved in the management of enterprises and organizations, or those who are introducing innovative technologies, but it is necessary to everyone who will live in new difficult conditions, which, based on the research of A. A. Bogdanov and L. von Bertalanffy can be called a state of movable equilibrium.

The Russian cider market has developed due to changes in consumer habits and an increase in the share of low-alcohol beverages. However, ensuring and increasing the competitiveness of traditional cider in the market of low-alcohol beverages is difficult, and requires more detailed study. This is due to the relevance of the research topic. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author has analyzed the competitive environment in the Russian market of low-alcohol beverages and identified the actual problems of increasing the competitiveness of traditional cider. The purpose of the study is to identify factors that negatively affect the competitiveness of traditional cider in the Russian market of low-alcohol beverages, as well as problems in this area and to propose ways to solve them. The research methods include comparison, comparison, content analysis, regulatory method, statistical analysis, graphical method. The article is devoted to the consideration of the characteristics and features of cider as a commodity, the analysis of the competitive environment, the identification of problems of ensuring and improving the competitiveness of traditional cider in the Russian market, as well as the development of ways to solve these problems. According to the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that the cider market in Russia is actively developing and has favorable prospects. Cider-making in Russia stimulates the development of agriculture, fruit growing, nursery breeding, the creation of jobs in rural areas, the creation of jobs in trade, stimulates scientific research. The study revealed the problems of ensuring and increasing the competitiveness of cider in the Russian beverage market, which include the problem of determining the status of traditional cider at the legislative level, the lack of tax benefits and other state support for traditional cider manufacturers, competition with drinks produced using a different technology, but also called cider. To solve the identified problems, measures were proposed to increase the competitiveness of traditional cider on the Russian market. It is shown that the competitive environment analysis makes it possible to identify the problems of increasing the competitiveness of cider in the Russian market.

This article is debatable and is devoted to the consideration of the problem of choosing ways to reform the Russian economy in the conditions of the crisis of the world economic system. The relevance of the proposed discussion is determined by the need to find effective instruments of economic regulation that allow the national economy of Russia to take a worthy competitive place in the changing geo-economic space. The article analyzes the main cause of crises in the world capitalist economy on the basis of the theory of K. Marx, which consists in the contradiction between the social nature of production and the private capitalist form of appropriation of the results of labor. The statistics of the world cyclical crises for the period from 1825 to the present are given. Cyclical crises, generated mainly by economic factors, are repeated periodically through 7–9–11 years with minor deviations. The author considers the cause of the US mortgage crisis and its impact on the economy of other countries, including Russia. Three possible ways of development of the Russian economy are shown: 1) pro-Western; 2) the development of the economy in the interests of the national bourgeoisie; 3) the NEP period of Soviet power, which is successfully used by China. The third way is objectively justified. This is evidenced by the statistics provided in this article. The necessity of changing in the near future the disastrous liberal course of managing the country’s economy, of carrying out a left-centrist financial and economic course towards justified socialism, is justified. The conditions for the transition to a managerial revolution that provides a leap in the development of the country are outlined. The directions for reducing the dependence of the Russian economy on the conditions of the capitalist market are proposed.