Industry market |
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The current state of the Russian Capital Market private investments as well as its development
impediments are presented in this research. Author states that one of the most fundamental aspects
for the lag in development and unpopularity of the financial market instruments among the general
public is the lack of protection of investments at the stock market through the compensation fund
institution.
Investment insurance scheme functions for a long period of time both at emerging and developed
markets: in 1970 the Securities Investment Protection Corporation was settled in the USA and in
2001 the Financial Services Compensation Scheme was introduced in the UK. While scrutinizing
Russian law enforcement system one can notice the lag of modern mechanisms of security of property
rights from the current changes at the financial market. Nowadays we can witness the growing
tendency for globalization which accounts for the rise in the level of competition which includes
capital markets. That is why it is of primary importance to create and to implement the legislation
for compensation funds at stock markets shortly in order to maintain the leading role between
the participants of the Eurasian Economic Union (where Russian Federation is deeply involved as
a fully legitimate member) and to become one of top-10 financial centers in Europe and Asia. Also,
changes to a pending government law «Private investment accounts insurance» are proposed to
apply. Furthermore, various measures that could help to develop public awareness of investments
and improve financial literacy are being considered as important steps to evolve.
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The airline industry is usually given as an example to prove the contestability theory in academic
research. It is widely accepted that the carriers can with almost no cost enter new markets with the
available aircraft. But does the contestability really apply to the industry?
The article is aimed at analyzing the principal conditions of the contestability with regard to the
U. S. airline industry, including the role of potential and real competition, the aspects of entry barriers
and sunk costs. On the basis of the previous studies and research conducted in this article the
author made a conclusion that the airline industry can be characterized as a weak form of the contestable
market. It is explained by significant entry barriers and stronger real competition influence
on the behavior of the airline market actors. At the same time the article points out an important role
of the competing airline type when analyzing market structure. It was found out that the participation
of low cost carriers contributes a lot to creating competitive environment. The results of the article
are of value for analyzing and planning the antitrust policy of the airline market, including the Russian
market.
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The theory of competition |
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The article is devoted to the presentation of a new approach to assessing the level of competition.
It is because of measurement is not subjected to the concentration of market power and the nature
of the distribution of market power in the market. At the heart of the new competition, the level meter
is cal-mathematical model of Gauss, based on which the normal distribution random magnitude was
described in one hundred-mathematical statistics. For practical use of the new approach to assessing
the level of competition in the markets of the model generated by two parameters, which make
economic sense and practical applicability are discussed in the article.
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The paper is focused on nonlinear pricing, price discrimination and their implementation in actual
markets. The introductory section uses simple examples to describe the basic notions and types of
price discrimination. Section 2 reviews the main theories behind nonlinear pricing and summarizes
the existing results with a focus on consumer choice for those consumers who are keen on quality.
It allows the authors in Section 3 to move further to analyze the issues of «prestige» and conspicuous
consumption, especially in the case when the sellers exercise their market power over buyers
through brands and reputation. Section 4 shows how theoretical results are actually implemented
in the automobile market. In particular, the paper shows that cars originating from countries with an
established reputation as automobile manufacturers (UK, Germany, Sweden) get the highest markup
in the market compared to the basic case. Moreover, the analysis of practical methods used in
the Russian car market confirms that car dealers manage to sell automobiles as close to consumer
reserve prices as possible, employing all types of price discrimination.
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Competitiveness of business |
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The paper offer the results of analysis of patterns and trends, characterize the key financial and
economic indicators describe the activity of populations of micro-enterprises, small enterprises
and medium enterprises, developed by the sector and territorial characteristics. Given the dynamics
of change over the period 2010 to 2014 years indicators such as the net financial results of
enterprises activity, the share of profitable and loss-making enterprises, the profitability of products
produced and sold, the prevailing levels of profit and losses based respectively on one of
profitable and unprofitable enterprises. As of the information base used data of Federal service of
state statistics. It is shown that during the period under review the share of profitable enterprises
accounted for about 80%, with the largest share of profitable enterprises was observed in such
sectors as education and trade. Total losses in the enterprise sector accounted for nearly half the
achieved profits. Specific values in the net financial results per employee in microenterprises was
significantly higher than the equivalent indicators for medium enterprises and small enterprises.
The practical significance of the analysis results associated with the possibility of their use directly
by the entrepreneurs (especially the beginners) in determining the projected financial-economic
results. In addition, they can be used by the departments of regional and municipal management
in the development of measures on increase of efficiency of small and medium entrepreneurship,
as well as the estimates of expected tax revenues. The results of the research can be used to justify
plans and programs for the development of the entrepreneurial sector in different regions and
industries of the national economy.
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This article examines the influence of loyalty scientific and pedagogical workers (further — NDP)
market position of practice-based University functioning in the conditions of rigid competitive environment.
Formulated the concept of employee loyalty to the employer, adapted to the conditions
of functioning of higher education. A review of recent approaches to the classification of types and
levels of loyalty, existing in domestic and foreign scientific literature. Formulated the standard list of
attributes of loyalty, characteristic of the activities of higher school teachers, differentiated them into
two groups — essential and desirable from the perspective of the employer. The mechanism of the
influence of the loyalty of the NDP on the market position of the University. Defined and reasonably
competitive advantages afforded him due to the dominance in the state loyal teachers. Formulated
the concept of disloyal teachers, identified five types of disloyal employees («pragmatists» simulators
», «fighters for justice», «saboteurs — the Avengers» and «the conspirators»), identified the
characteristics of their work behavior in higher education. Analyzed industry specific threats to the
competitive position of the University coming from disloyal teachers and define their competitive
disadvantages.
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International competition |
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Nowadays, many countries tend to expand their economic and politic interactions with other actors
by active participation in regional integration groups. It is one of the main tendencies of modern
international relations. Russian Federation has insufficient experience of participation in these associations
with foreign countries. Under the conditions of sanctions policy of Russia’s main foreign
trade partners conclusion of preferential trade agreements with countries in Asia, Latin America or
Africa seems to be possibility to strengthen national economy.
This article focuses on expediency of the conclusion the Free Trade Zone Agreement with Egypt.
There are some calculations of economic indices, which can characterize the intensity of the existing
trade relations and the possibility of expansion.
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