Journal archive
Entrepreneurship theory |
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In this article we investigate the role of the entrepreneur in the creation of competitive advantages.
In relation to this context the paper analyzes major classical and modern theories of competitiveness,
their relations, intersection and the potential integration. It is proved that the most adequate
explanation of entrepreneur’s contribution in ensuring commercial success is the concept of dynamic
capabilities, which happens to be the synthesis of the resource-based view and dynamic
competition theories.
By further elaborating the achievements of dynamic capabilities approach and applying the principle
of a single source of truth we formulate the specific entrepreneurial model of strategic management
that differs from regular strategic models. Central to this model is the concept of interpretation,
the all-integrating view of firm’s competitive position and goals within the entrepreneur’s mind.
We prove the primacy of interpretation over the limits of external and internal environment. Based
on several Russian «success stories» («failure stories») we show the relationship between the quality
of interpretation and competitive advantages of firms.
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The paper presents the results of research activity in the nowadays in the economy of the Russian
Federation sector of small and medium entrepreneurship. As the information base used the data
of Federal service of state statistic, legislative materials, describe the classification of types of
economical activity and production. Show the indicators, describe the quantity of entrepreneurial
structures, their turnover and quantity of workers. Present the analysis of indicators, characterize
unit weight subjects of small and medium entrepreneurship in the whole indicators of all enterprises
and organizations in our country. Offer the distribution of subjects entrepreneurship in the dependence
of made by their types of activity. Choose six fundamental industries, in them enterprises and
organizations work. Show that the activity of entrepreneurial structures direct on the production
of goods and rendering of services. Consumers of production are population, enterprises and
organizations of various forms of property. The analysis that made by the author present, that at
present exist the predominance among the subjects of small and medium entrepreneurship, that
are specialize on the rendering various services. The paper discuss features and basic characteristic
of activity in the sphere of services, that define organization and technology of functioning
corresponding entrepreneurial structures. Adduce the tasks of development small and medium
entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation.
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The purpose of this study is to provide the analysis of main research on students’ entrepreneurial
intentions, published in leading peer-reviewed academic journals on entrepreneurship and small
business in 1991 – 2015. The study of entrepreneurial intentions plays an important role in explaining
and predicting actual entrepreneurial behavior, and student life is a stage where attitudes towards
entrepreneurship start to be formed. The review of publications identified three approaches
to the analysis of students’ entrepreneurial intentions: entrepreneurial trait, behavioral and contextual
approaches. The results have shown that during the development of entrepreneurial intentions
concept, the research focus has been shifted from investigation of entrepreneurial personality
and individual characteristics of entrepreneurs to the studies of entrepreneur’s behavior, and recently
— to studies of contextual factors associated with entrepreneurial intentions. The analysis
of economic, institutional and socio-cultural external environment, related to the formation of students’
entrepreneurial intentions, and conducting comparative and longitudinal studies are possible
future research directions in this field. The study contributes to the entrepreneurship literature
by review and systematization of previous research on students’ entrepreneurial intentions, identification
of main research approaches to their analysis and possible directions for further research.
Besides this, the analysis also allowed to trace the development of entrepreneurial intentions concept
in academic literature.
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Antitrust regulation |
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Economic entities with dominant position in the implementation of its product counterparties using
various approaches to pricing, often the price of goods is formed not on the basis of its costs
and necessary for the continued functioning of the company profits. These actions lead to the fact
that prices for the same goods are different for customers only exceptions are the conditions of a
public contract, according to which the prices of goods, works and services are set the same for
all consumers. The result of such actions on the wholesale market, will be the difference between
retail prices in retail chains, not to mention the level of purchase prices for budget organizations,
as an example in primary care from the manufacturer may be pricing, based on the technological
conditions of the sale of goods, when the actual complete list of registered costs. Consequently,
the entity — a monopolist in the sale of goods should be justified, the result of some factors is the
unequal position of some suppliers over others.
Due to the significant number of antitrust authorities to cancel the decision in arbitration this article
focuses on the development of methodological aspects of the evidence establishing a monopoly
economically unjustified different prices for the same goods.
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Competitive strategy |
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The article is primarily concerned with theoretical views of different scientific schools on the topic
of cooperative interactions of industrial enterprises in the form of business associations. Positions
of supporters of New Institutional Economics, Organizational Institutional Theory, theory of social
disruptions, corporatism theory, and theory of meta-organizations are outlined. Based on theoretical
grounds, the hypothesis is put forward which states that cooperative interactions in the form
of business-associations facilitate formation of competitive strategy for development of industrial
enterprises in modern Russia. The clustering of regional offices of Russian Union of Industrialists
and Entrepreneurs (RUIE) is performed using Jieng’s method of head/tail breaks for samples with
heavy tailed distribution, which is the case in Russia. With the use of nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis
test, the stated hypothesis is accepted and Dunn’s test is used to show the particular groups that
have a significant differences. Classification of regional offices of RUIE by is made and the difference
between parameters that characterize development of industrial enterprises within the
groups is shown (capital assets put into operation, technology innovations costs spent, number of
production technologies created, foreign investments). Recommendations for managers of industrial
enterprises are given, the avenues for further research are delineated as well.
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Russian multinationals are consolidating their positions among other emerging multinationals
which raises an interest of researchers from both strategic management and international business.
The specificities of their formation and development, the peculiarities of their context attract
attention to different aspects of their business life. The paper aims to consider the notion and elements
of structural configurations of Russian multinationals and identify contingency factors that
influence their combinations. A profound literature review on the topic allowed detecting five key
elements of structural configuration of Russian multinationals which include decentralization of decision-
making, formalization and control, complexity, inter-firm horizontal integration mechanisms
and inter-firm knowledge and expertise transfer mechanisms. The conceptual model developed
in the paper was tested on the sample of 213 Russian multinationals with the use of multiple linear
regression. The analysis showed statistically significant associations between the elements of strategic
orientation, environment and structural configuration of multinationals. As well, it confirmed
significant moderating effect of company’s international orientation on direction and strength of
relationships between key contingency factors and structural elements.
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The article reveals the difference of tactical and strategic competitive behavior of firms. The author
describes the system of tactical management of competitive actions of firms, distinguishes tactical
competitive operations and tactical models of competitive action. The author emphasizes the
relationship between planning of tactical operations, the balance of competitive forces between
tactical rivals, and the definition of tactical competitive advantages and disadvantages of the competing
firms.
The author reveals the content of tactical competitive dispositions, including development of tactical
operations and organizational scenario of competitive behavior of firms.
Also the author identifies and describes the components of management of tactical operations:
an organizational and motivational conditions, operational control of tactical operations, and determination
of the degree of sustainability of competitive action.
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