The author analyzes administrative, structural and institutional factors contributing to the Russian scientific work sector competitiveness level change. The factors include the way the objects and facilities-related rights of ownership and copyright on the work results are treated; the way the money is allocated for each stage of the project work and research; the way various types of industrial facilities are used. The author proves that the state executive bodies should take the initiative and take steps to improve the rate of return of the entities that take part in the scientific work.